A Visit To The Dog Show

Mina Tavakoli at n+1:

At the blow of a whistle, each dog, one at a time, was let out onto the grounds and on its doggy way, snuffling the grooves and crevices of the obstacle course in the hunt for a swab doused in an herbal essential oil. The dogs moved evenly, steady as magnetic north, until they appealed to their handlers with glances that functioned like code. This dogsperanto—a language of punctuation marks, canine body cues in expressions of “?” or “!”—met human encouragement in a surrealist covenant between trainer and trainee. Woof begat nod, nod begat pursuit. The lagotto came to a halt at a traffic cone.

“Yes, folks, now what you’re looking at is called ‘fringing.’ Fringing is when a dog is noticing a smell a little too early,” the announcer announced.

I knelt to knead a spaniel at my ankles. The spaniel—a dog with a ramen-noodley curl pattern, a nice hamster warmth, and a tiny heart about two inches deep inside her, which at this second was appreciably whizzing—let out something like a cough.

more here.

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Thursday, September 25, 2025

Justin Smith-Ruiu writes a philosopher’s guide to psychedelics

Stuart Jeffries in The Guardian:

This book is a trip. Among other things, it copiously details all the drugs that the US-born professor of history and philosophy of science at the Université Paris Cité has ingested. They include psilocybin, LSD, cannabis; quetiapine and Xanax (for anxiety); venlafaxine, Prozac, Lexapro and tricyclics (antidepressants); caffeine (“I have drunk coffee every single day without fail since September 13, 1990”); and, at least for him, the always disappointing alcohol.

The really trippy thing, though, is not so much Justin Smith-Ruiu’s descriptions of his drug experiences, but the fact that they’re written by a tough-minded analytic philosopher, one as familiar with AJ Ayer’s Foundations of Empirical Knowledge as Aldous Huxley’s mescaline-inspired The Doors of Perception. Moreover, they’re presented with the aim of melting the minds of his philosophical peers and the rest of us by suggesting that psychedelics dissolve our selves and make us part of cosmic consciousness, thereby rendering us free in the way the 17th-century Dutch philosopher Baruch Spinoza defined it (paraphrased by Smith-Ruiu as “an agreeable acquiescence in the way one’s own body is moving in the necessary order of things”).

The melting metaphor is apt, since the primal scene of early modern western philosophy came when the 17th-century French thinker René Descartes melted a piece of wax.

More here.

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World’s oldest person had a young microbiome and ‘exceptional genome’

James Woodford at New Scientist:

Between 17 January 2023 and 19 August 2024, María Branyas Morera, of Spain, was officially the world’s oldest person, until she died aged 117 years and 168 days. To uncover the secrets of her extraordinary longevity, a team of researchers has done a deep dive into her genetics, microbiome and lifestyle.

When Morera was 116 years old, the team collected samples of her blood, saliva and stool, to analyse her genetics. “She had an exceptional genome enriched in variants in genes that are associated with enhanced lifespan in other species, such as dogs, worms and flies,” says team member Manel Esteller at the Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute in Barcelona, Spain.

Morera, who showed no sign of dementia, also had many gene variants that keep blood lipid levels low, protecting the heart and cognition, says Esteller. “At the same time, she was devoid of gene variants associated with the risk of pathologies such as cancer, Alzheimer’s and metabolic disorders.”

More here.

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Global call for international red lines to prevent unacceptable AI risks signed by Nobel Laureates, other prominent figures

From the website of AI Red Lines:

AI holds immense potential to advance human wellbeing, yet its current trajectory presents unprecedented dangers. AI could soon far surpass human capabilities and escalate risks such as engineered pandemics, widespread disinformation, large-scale manipulation of individuals including children, national and international security concerns, mass unemployment, and systematic human rights violations.

Some advanced AI systems have already exhibited deceptive and harmful behavior, and yet these systems are being given more autonomy to take actions and make decisions in the world. Left unchecked, many experts, including those at the forefront of development, warn that it will become increasingly difficult to exert meaningful human control in the coming years.

Governments must act decisively before the window for meaningful intervention closes. An international agreement on clear and verifiable red lines is necessary for preventing universally unacceptable risks.

More here.  Also see this for what kinds of red lines are needed.

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Vegas: A Memoir of a Dark Season

Hannah Gold at Bookforum:

In a 1996 interview with The Paris Review, the reporter and novelist John Gregory Dunne was asked why he chose to classify his 1974 book, Vegas: A Memoir of a Dark Season, as fiction as opposed to journalism. The book recounts six months Dunne spent alone in Vegas, taking a break from his marriage. Dunne, the narrator and protagonist of the book, spends most of it in a severe depression contemplating the possibility of divorce, eating junk food in his rental, and hanging out with a bunch of Vegas archetypes: the sex worker, the private investigator, the failed comic. Dunne tells the interviewer that although he was contracted at the time to write a nonfiction book, he opted to call the finished product a novel “since I made most of it up.” He offers as an example a scene in which he meets the sex worker, Artha, at a casino at five in the morning. He’s not there to gamble money; his brand of gambling takes the form of talking to strangers while in the grip of insomnia. During his conversation with Artha, he discovers some obviously bad poetry she has written on the back of a keno ticket, which he reproduces for the reader. It’s true, Dunne tells the interviewer, that while in Vegas he met a sex worker who wrote poetry. But the poems that appear in the book were written as a joke by his wife, Joan Didion.

more here.

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Nicholas Boggs on James Baldwin

Donovan Hohn and Nicholas Boggs at Lapham’s Quarterly:

This week on the podcast, Donovan Hohn speaks with biographer Nicholas Boggs about Baldwin: A Love Story, a book three decades in the making. The episode follows James Baldwin on his transatlantic commutes, introducing listeners to four formative—and transformative—friendships with “crazy outsiders” that sustained Baldwin and that organize this new biography. We meet painter Beauford Delaney, the “spiritual father” and artistic mentor Baldwin found in Greenwich Village. In post-war Paris, we meet Lucien Happersberger, the Swiss émigré who would become Baldwin’s lover, muse, and lifelong friend. We meet Engin Cezzar, the “blood brother” who created for Baldwin a home in Istanbul. Finally, Boggs introduces us to Yoran Cazac, the French painter with whom Baldwin collaborated on his “child’s story for adults,” Little Man, Little Man, which Boggs helped bring back into printAlong the way, Boggs and Hohn dwell on the meaning of love in Baldwin’s life and work, and on his yearning for a home “by the side of the mountain, on the edge of the sea.” Hohn and Boggs also spend time with Otto Friedrich, who befriended Baldwin during his Paris years and would become Lewis Lapham’s editor and mentor. The episode concludes with a selection of entries about Baldwin from the journal Friedrich kept in 1949.

more here.

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Thursday Poem

Before the Coming of the White Man

—The Beaver’s Song

I follow the river
In quest of a young beaver.
Up the river I go
Through the cut willow path I go
In quest of a young beaver.

—The Bear’s Song

A foot,
A foot with toes,
A foot with toes came.
He came with a foot with toes.
Aging as he came with a foot with toes.

—The Owl’s Song

I am the owl.
I sit on the spruce tree.
My coat is gray.
I have big eyes.
My head has two points.
The white smoke from my tobacco can be seen
As I sit on the spruce tree.
The little rabbit comes in sight
Nearby where I sit on the spruce tree.
I think soon my claws will get into its back
As I sit on the spruce tree.
Now it is dawn, now it is dawn.
The old man owl’s head has two points.

Ailleen O’Bryan, The Diné: Origin Myths of the Navaho Indians
From
American Indian Prose and Poetry
G.P. Putnam Sons, NY, 1974

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The great university shake-up: four charts show how global higher education is changing

Dan Garisto in Nature:

If the 264 million students enrolled in higher education around the globe were a country, it would be the fifth most populous in the world. Some 53% of its citizens would identify as women and most would be located in Asia. Residents would speak and study in hundreds of languages, but English would dominate. This nation of learners would also be one of the fastest growing. Since 2000, the number of university students around the world has more than doubled, and the number that cross borders to learn has roughly tripled, to almost seven million. Aided by the Internet, conferences, shared curricula and collaborations, the world of higher education has become more tightly linked.

But the pattern of interconnected growth is beginning to unravel as wealthy Western nations become much less welcoming to foreign students. The administration of US President Donald Trump in particular has been targeting higher-education institutions and international students. Many of the latter are consequently looking elsewhere to earn their degrees, and those opportunities are growing, especially in some low- and middle-income countries. But expanding access to higher education has also raised concerns about the quality and value of that education.

More here.

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Wednesday, September 24, 2025

Why we should treat caffeine like the brain-altering drug it is

Jonathan Simone at Psyche:

When it comes to caffeine, we often speak about ‘needing our fix’ but I’ve yet to hear of an intervention staged for the friend who drinks three double espressos before noon. In fact, when it comes to caffeine, we rarely worry about things like tolerance, dosage or long-term effects in the same way we do for other substances. We don’t speak in terms of use, misuse and psychoactivity. But caffeine, like other drugs, directly alters neurochemistry and functionality. Like other drugs, it affects mood and cognition and can lead to behaviours that are akin to chronic use and dependence. And, like other drugs, abstinence can lead to symptoms of withdrawal (albeit to a lesser extent than its illicit counterparts). By all scientific standards, caffeine is a psychoactive drug. So why do we struggle to accept this fact? Why do we treat caffeine like nothing more than a productivity hack? And what would happen if we treated caffeine the way we treat other drugs?

More here.

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World’s first AI-designed viruses a step towards AI-generated life

Katie Kavanagh in Nature:

AI models have already been used to generate DNA sequences, single proteins and multi-component complexes2. But designing a whole genome is much more challenging owing to complex interactions between genes and gene replication and regulation processes. These AI systems are now capable of helping scientists to manipulate highly intricate biological systems, such as whole genomes, says Hie. “There are many important biological functions that you can only access if you’re able to design complete genomes.”

To design the viral genomes, the researchers used Evo 1 and Evo 2, AI models that analyse and generate DNA, RNA and protein sequences. First, they needed a design template, which is a starting sequence that guides the AI model to generate a genome with the desired characteristics. They chose ΦX174, a simple single-stranded DNA virus that contains 5,386 nucleotides in 11 genes, and all the genetic elements required to infect hosts and replicate inside them.

More here.

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Why every country needs to master the Electric Tech Stack

Noah Smith at Noahpinion:

The other day I gave a talk at a conference in Canada about industrial policy. When we came to the inevitable question of which specific industries Canada should target, I had an answer ready: “the Electric Tech Stack”.

The fact that I had an answer ready surprised some people in the audience. The traditional criticism of industrial policy is that it’s all about “picking winners”, and that winners are very hard for even the smartest person to pick. But in some cases it’s actually very easy to pick winners. In the 19th century, every country knew they needed railroads, both for national defense and for transporting goods. In the 20th century, many countries knew they needed an auto industry, because those same assembly lines and supply chains could be quickly repurposed to make tanks and other military vehicles in case of a war. In the early 20th century, countries knew that having a steel industry was crucial for creating most of the important military equipment, while in the later century, the U.S. correctly guessed that having a powerful semiconductor industry was crucial for dominance in precision weaponry.

In all four of these cases, there were arguments about the economic benefits of promoting the industries in question, but in the end it was military necessity that tipped the balance decisively in favor of industrial policy. As I told the folks in Canada, a similar thing is true in the 2020s.

More here.

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A Philosophy Of Technology

Yuk Hui speaks with Daniel Birnbaum at Artforum:

DANIEL BIRNBAUM: Many people I know are reading your recent book Post-Europe [2024] right now. It challenges us to participate in the creation of a new, globally conscious mode of thinking—an approach that is responsive to the complexities of our interconnected world. You draw upon a rich tapestry of philosophical influences, including thinkers like Gilbert Simondon, Bernard Stiegler, and Jan Patočka as well as Kitarō Nishida, to support a vision of a post-European philosophical landscape.

YUK HUI: It is not my main aim to fight Eurocentrism, not only because many people have been doing this for a long time, but also I think now we have to ask: What happens afterward? Does it mean a Sinocentrism, a Russocentrism, or American imperialism? What has concerned me from the outset, as you can see in all my books, is what it means to do philosophy today. Post-Europe starts with a meditation on the relation between Europe and philosophy as interpreted by various philosophers in the twentieth century, from Edmund Husserl to Jan Patočka, Jacques Derrida, and others. I was particularly drawn to the idea of the Heimat [Homeland]—Europe as the Heimat for philosophy.

more here.

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Wednesday Poem

My Native Costume

When you come to visit,
said a teacher
from the suburban school,
don’t forget to wear
your native costume.

But I’m a lawyer.
I said.
My native costume
is a pinstriped suit.

You know, the teacher said,
a Puerto Rican costume.

Like a guayabera?
The shirt? I said.
But it’s February.

The children want to see
a native costume,
the teacher said.

So I went
to the suburban school,
embroidered guayabera
short sleaved shirt
over a turtleneck,
and said, Look kids,
cultural adaptation.

by Martín Espada
From Touching the Fire
Anchor Books 1998

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Quantum Physics and Phenomenology

Steven French at Aeon Magazine:

This question forms the basis of what came to be known as the ‘measurement problem’. One influential answer emerged from the mind of one of the greatest mathematicians of all time, János (or ‘John’) von Neumann, who was responsible for many important advances, not only in pure mathematics and physics but also in computer design and game theory. He pointed out that when our spin detector interacts with the electron, the state of that combined system of the detector + electron will also be described by quantum theory as a superposition of possible states. And so will the state of the even larger combined system of the observer’s eye and brain + the detector + electron. However far we extend this chain, anything physical that interacts with the system will be described by the theory as a superposition of all the possible states that combined system could occupy, and so the crucial question above will remain unanswered. Hence, von Neumann concluded, it had to be something non-physical that somehow generates the transition from a superposition to the definite state as recorded on the device and noted by the observer – namely, the observer’s consciousness. (It is this argument that is the source of much of the so-called New Age commentary on quantum mechanics about how reality must somehow be observer-dependent, and so on.)

more here.

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