In “The Face,” Fay Bound-Alberti examines our relationship to our most public features

Ginia Bellafante at the New York Times:

From a young age my son demonstrated a keen ability for facial recall. As we watched movies and television shows, he might blurt out — at seeing Ray Milland guest-star as a murderous botanist in a “Columbo” episode — that the same actor had played a villainous husband in “Dial M for Murder,” released two decades earlier, and which we’d watched more than a year prior. But actors making vanishingly brief cameos left equally striking impressions.

According to Fay Bound-Alberti, a professor of modern history at King’s College in London, the 2 percent of the population who possess this skill, one that apparently cannot be taught, are known as “super recognizers,” a term coined by Harvard researchers.

As we learn in “The Face,” a cultural unpacking of our most scrutinized organ, another 2 percent, on the other side of the bell curve, manage prosopagnosia — or face blindness — a condition that makes remembering faces and the identities attached to them a persistent challenge. Bound-Alberti counts herself among the affected (so does Brad Pitt).

More here.

Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.

Does the idea of ‘biological agency’ serve a scientific purpose?

Philip Ball at Quanta:

In 1993, a team led by the planetary scientist Carl Sagan tentatively concluded that there is life on Earth. Not much of a deduction, you might think — except that the researchers confined their evidence to observations made by the Galileo spacecraft(opens a new tab), which had flown past our planet three years earlier on a looping journey to Jupiter. So great is the transformative power of life that its presence can be detected just from the light and radio waves our planet emits or reflects into space. Today we scan the cosmos for some of these telltale signatures light-years away.

Life leaves a mark, yet even now there’s no scientific consensus about what makes living things so different from inorganic substances like the rocks, gases, and oceans that are the sole components of dead worlds. Many scientists cite properties such as replication or metabolism. Others speak in more abstract terms about the way life is out of thermodynamic equilibrium with its surroundings. But some give another kind of answer. Living organisms are different because they do stuff for reasons.

More here.

Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.

China’s Open AI Models Are Advancing Its Global Soft Power

Nathan Gardels at Noema:

It is a paradox that a closed society like China is conquering the world with open-source AI models while the most open society, America, is producing mostly closed-source proprietary models that are less adaptable for the rest of the world, and far more expensive.

This is the concern of Andrew Ng, one of the world’s leading AI technologists who should know. Rare among the tech bro crowd, he has been both the cofounder of Google Brain and chief scientist at Baidu, China’s largest technology company, which accounts for 70% of total search traffic. Both OpenAI’s Sam Altman and Anthropic’s Dario Amodei once worked for him.

Ng recently offered his views at a gathering in Los Angeles of Hollywood filmmakers, hosted by the Berggruen Institute’s Studio B and the Mozilla Foundation, where he engaged in conversation with the celebrated screenwriter, video game scenarist and novelist David Goyer (“The Blade” trilogy; “Superman vs. Batman”; “Call of Duty: Black Ops”).

More here.

Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.

Lab-grown sperm: scientists inch closer to fertility breakthrough

Heidi Leford in Nature:

It sounds like science fiction: collecting a person’s blood cells, engineering them so they eventually transform into immature sperm, and then incubating them in a tiny pouch grown on a mouse’s kidney. But it’s not. Today, a team of researchers reported in the journal Cell Stem Cell1 that it has successfully carried out the procedure, with the ultimate goal of making mature human sperm in the laboratory. For now, that goal remains elusive. The lab-grown cells stopped developing at an immature stage. Many hurdles need to be overcome to create mature sperm in the lab, says Eoin Whelan, a reproductive biologist at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia who is a member of the research team. But the latest feat is a step in the right direction.

In the meantime, the procedure could be used to study early stages of human sperm development and to hunt for reasons behind male infertility. Around 40% of male-infertility cases have no known cause. “We are approaching this from a basic science perspective,” Whelan says. “We are a long way from clinical application.”

More here.

Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.

How Pregnancy and Motherhood Reshape the Human Brain

Mariella Careaga in The Scientist:

For many first-time moms, parenting feels like a continuous learning experience. At the same time, some aspects of parental care seem to come naturally, as if they were hardwired in the brain. The instinctive nature of parental behavior is not exclusive to humans.

Caring for offspring is an adaptation essential for the survival of many animal species and therefore relies on conserved brain circuits that have been shaped by evolution over generations. In the 1960s and 1970s, scientists started to explore parental behavior in animal models and showed that virgin female rodents, which typically avoid unfamiliar pups, could either exhibit maternal care spontaneously or after receiving estrogen, progesterone, and prolactin hormones, which surge in females about to give birth.1,2 Evidence from animal studies also suggested that the hypothalamus—one of the oldest and tiniest regions of the brain—played a role in maternal behavior.Yet, it took researchers another 40 years and many methodological advances to dissect the components of the neural circuitry that control parental behavior in detail.

More here.

Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.

The Estranged Worlds of J. G. Ballard

Steven Shaviro at the LARB:

THE BRITISH AUTHOR J. G. Ballard (1930–2009) was one of the most brilliant and incisive, but also one of the most perplexing, English-language fiction writers of the past 80 years or so (the period since the end of World War II). He was never part of the literary mainstream. Initially, he was classified and marketed as a science fiction writer; during the 1960s, he was a leading figure of SF’s so-called New Wave, which embraced sexual, psychological, and psychedelic themes, and focused more on the social sciences than on the hard sciences. As Ballard’s career progressed, however, his books increasingly departed altogether from what we usually recognize as science fiction. For instance, there is no exploration of outer space in Ballard’s fiction: there are no robots or supercomputers, and the scientist characters who continue to populate his novels are usually extremist cranks. Ballard’s early novels featured world-shaking apocalyptic scenarios, but his later work was concerned with smaller—more mundane and intimate—disasters.

One common definition of science fiction describes it as the literature of cognitive estrangement—that is to say, it presents us with a reality that deviates in some crucial way from the actual, everyday world we live in, and thereby forces us to abandon our usual assumptions and expectations.

more here.

Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.

Lore of The Rings

Valarie Trouet at Aeon Magazine:

Adonis is not the only tree with stories to tell, nor is it the oldest. Many of the world’s longest-living trees grow in the Americas. In Chile, El Gran Abuelo, an alerce (Fitzroya cupressoides), was tree-ring dated in 1993 to be 3,622 years old. In the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, the giant sequoias (Sequoiadendron giganteum) can live to be more than 3,200 years old. The world’s oldest known trees, the bristlecone pines (Pinus longaeva), grow just east of there, high up in California’s White Mountains. The stunted and twisted bristlecones are perseverance personified. Methuselah, the oldest-known living bristlecone, aptly named after the legendarily long-lived biblical patriarch, germinated in 2833 BCE. It predates the Pyramid of Djoser, the oldest Egyptian pyramid, by two centuries. Like the Smolikas landscape, the dry, exposed slopes in the White Mountains empower bristlecone pines to persevere for millennia, but they also warrant the preservation of wood after the trees eventually expire. The barren landscape is inhospitable to wood-decaying fungi and insects, and the plant groundcover is too scarce to sustain wildfires. The resinous remains of bristlecone trees can lie on the limestone rocks for millennia.

more here.

Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.

Sunday, July 12, 2026

Scorched Earth

Kate Mackenzie and Tim Sahay in Polycrisis:

This summer’s heat waves have brought new levels of suffering. Across Europe, several countries—Germany, Hungary, France, the UK, Poland, Spain, Denmark—recorded their hottest-ever June days. As temperatures climbed toward 40°C, motorways were closed, train services suspended, nuclear plants put offline. Scorching temperatures and dry ground have given rise to wildfires across Southern Europe, with more expected as the summer continues. In Switzerland, the “Glacier Loss Day” threshold, when annual snowfall has all been melted and the glaciers start being eaten by the heat, was reached on June 29, months ahead of the typical end-of-summer timing—the second-earliest time ever on record.

In North America, too, temperatures soared, and the US National Weather Service placed 130 million people under an extreme heat warning earlier this month. As the power grid began to buckle, wholesale spot electricity prices rose more than 50 percent in the Midwest, doubled in New York City, and leapt by 240 percent in New England.

Heat waves tend to attract less attention than the charismatic megafauna of climate disasters—the floods, storms and wildfires—in part because they cause less property damage and are thus less obviously financially costly. But they are increasingly deadly, even if the number of deaths can be difficult to ascertain. It usually takes a person some days to expire from heat exposure, so the cause of death is more commonly attributed to organ or respiratory failure rather than heat.

More here.

Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.

Hammer and Ballot

Arash Azizi in The Ideas Letter:

In March 1977, three communist leaders gathered in Madrid to insist on a simple yet profound proposition: Communism is not in contradiction with democracy. Enrico Berlinguer, Santiago Carrillo, and Georges Marchais led the communist parties of Italy, Spain, and France, between them commanding the loyalty of tens of millions of European voters. At Madrid, they formulated what they called the New Way, a communism committed to democracy. They demanded the full application of the Helsinki Accords of 1975, signed by the USSR, the US, Canada, and nearly all European countries, which included strong human rights provisions. Berlinguer made clear that while Italian communists respected the USSR’s “great conquests in social domain,” they also recognized its “authoritarian traits.”

They met at an auspicious moment: shortly after the fall of right-wing dictatorships in Spain and Portugal, just as the Iberian Peninsula was finding its way to democracy. This made the conference urgent since Spain’s judiciary was deciding whether to legalize the Communist Party of Spain (it eventually did, and the party emerged as a major force in democratic Spain). But the three communists had long shown a penchant for democracy. Already in November 1975, Berlinguer and Marchais had made a joint declaration that committed them to freedom of speech, a multi-party system, and the principle of “alternation” (voluntarily giving up power upon losing an election). By 1977, these democratic communists had found a ready epithet to describe their politics: Eurocommunism.

The term Eurocommunism, however, was a misnomer since the New Way (also called neocommunism at the time) had proponents around the world. The Japanese Communist Party had long supported a similar position, and the communist parties of Australia, Britain, Mexico, Chile, Venezuela, and Israel would also come to adopt similar orientations. I prefer to call this movement Democratic Communism.

The most prominent democratic communists belonged to the Italian Communist Party (PCI), the largest in Europe. It was the second-biggest party in every Italian parliament from 1946 until the party’s dissolution in 1991. At its eighth congress, held in 1956, it declared its ideology “the Italian road to socialism” (Via italiana al socialismo), and swore fealty to the Constitution of the Italian Republic—a document the party had helped write, and which called for a robust multi-party system.1 The “Italian road” implicitly rejected the Soviet road.

More here.

Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.

Beyond Equality

Jonny Thakkar in The Point:

“Thank you for bringing back the joy,” Tim Walz grinned at Kamala Harris during their first joint rally back in August 2024. It was a theme he returned to often in the weeks that followed. At the DNC it was the crowd themselves who needed to be thanked for “bringing the joy to the fight”; later we learned that while Trump had “tried to steal the joy from this country,” Harris was giving us “a politics of joy.”

This didn’t turn out well, needless to say, and it was world-class cringe even at the time, partly because Walz was clearly trying to vaunt his own folksy jolliness but also because a moment’s thought would have revealed that a campaign whose main strategy was to mobilize anxieties—“we are not going back”—was anything but joyful. That said, I’ve come to think Walz was onto something.

More here.

Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.

Sunday Poem

Recalling the Past at T’ung Pass

As if gathered together,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,the peaks of the ranges.
As if raging,
……………..the waves on these banks.
Winding along
…………………. these mountains and rivers,
the road to the T’ung Pass.
I look west
……………… & hesitant I lament
here where
……………. opposing armies passed through.
Palaces
……….. of countless rulers
……….. now but dust.
Empires rise:
……………… people suffer.
Empires fall:
……………… people suffer.

by Zhang Yanghao
1269-1329
—”Made new” by C.H. Knock and G.G. Gach
from
A Book of Luminous Things
Harvest Books, Harcourt, Inc. 1996

Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.

Friday, July 10, 2026

Rage of the Falling Elite

Rob Henderson at his own website:

In America, we love a rags-to-riches tale. Think of Andrew Carnegie, the Scottish immigrant who rose from bobbin boy to steel magnate; Oprah Winfrey, who grew up poor in rural Mississippi; even Elon Musk, the awkward South African transplant who transformed himself into the richest man alive.

These stories are endlessly recycled because they affirm a central American creed: that each generation can surpass the one before.

Today, however, that creed is starting to creak. In 2025, the most combustible force in American society isn’t upward mobility, but its opposite.

It’s easy to laugh at the caricature of the wealthy progressive—taking a knee in Brooklyn for Black Lives Matter, occupying a quad at Harvard for Palestine, or waving a placard outside the headquarters of a Fortune 500 company in the name of climate. Yet the radicalization of seemingly well-off people is one of the defining political developments of the past decade.

More here.

Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.

The rise of computer chips — and the race to control them

Chris Stokel-Walker in Nature:

Few items are so imperceptible to the public, yet so essential to their lives, as the semiconductor. The computer chip powers the machinery, systems and interfaces that people interact with on a daily basis. The average person will encounter a semiconductor dozens of times a day, whether it’s a small chip in their thermostat, in their computer or phone’s motherboard or in their vehicle’s entertainment system.

Despite their diminutive status, chips have become a very big deal. They are the object through which almost every modern anxiety passes: artificial intelligence, industrial sovereignty, military escalation, environmental strainsupply-chain fragility and the future of scientific discovery.

Rakesh Kumar, a computer engineer at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, understands how important chips are. And in The Chip Age, he tries to explain how these fingernail-sized gizmos have become the material substrate of contemporary power.

More here.

Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.