The Destruction of the Soviet Union and the Making of New Russia

Ian Thomson at Literary Review:

In the autumn of 1988, the Independent magazine sent me to Estonia to report on the Kremlin’s waning power in the Soviet Baltic. Alexander Chancellor, the editor, sensed that the USSR was in trouble: Estonia was agitating for independence; Poland, Hungary and other Eastern bloc states on the edge of the Slavic world were sure to follow. I decided to travel to Estonia by ferry from Helsinki. A hammer and sickle ensign flapped red from the stern; lifeboat instructions were in Cyrillic only. 

In the capital, Tallinn, an air of indigence hung over the Soviet shops where Estonians queued hopefully for scrag ends of meat. The foyer of the Intourist hotel where I was staying teemed with money-changers (‘Comrade, we do deal?’) and prostitutes from Tashkent and other parts of Soviet Central Asia where the red star of revolution had never shone that brightly. The top floor officially did not exist; it was occupied by the KGB, whose in-room listening devices and electronic limpets (fitted to the underside of restaurant dinner plates) came to light only after Estonia broke free of the Kremlin in 1991.

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Wednesday Poem

Old Self

I chanced across my old self
today. He was sitting in the second
floor office where I used to work —
at the typewriter, young, thin guy,
in his late 20’s, white shirt, narrow
dark tie, serious demeanor, writing
an essay against the Vietnam war.

I came up the stairs and saw him —
a decent human being, diligent,
not remotely aware of the ambush
life had waiting — not knowing
he’d permit himself to be taken
prisoner and then, in confusion,
do desperate things, betray
what he loved — and that nothing
would enable him to survive
as he was.

I passed the open door
and wanted to cry out — warn him,
force the warriors to raise
their spears. But even hearing
my shout, he would have only
hesitated, then turned back to
his devoted, lonely and interminable
work.

by Lou Lipsitz
from Seeking the Hook
Signal Books, Chapel Hill, NC 1997

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How Does One Brain Speak Two Languages?

K R Callaway in The New York Times:

Speak a language your whole life and its grammatical rules become ingrained. That’s why you might correctly guess that the present participle of the verb “absquatulate” is “absquatulating,” even if you are completely unfamiliar with the word. But the rules of grammar can vary widely between languages, and neuroscientists long theorized that bilingual speakers must process different languages with separate patterns of brain activity.

In a new study, however, researchers found that these patterns were more alike than had been expected. When deciding how to make a word singular or plural, for instance, bilingual people exhibit strikingly similar brain activity regardless of whether they are speaking in their first or second language.

More here.

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Tuesday, June 16, 2026

Review of “Flamboyance” by Jack Parlett – a serious study of the spectacular

John-Baptiste Oduor in The Guardian:

A friend’s mother once told me that for a couple of years in the 1980s – as the Conservatives were waging war on the miners and she spent late nights at Marxist-feminist reading groups – she wore an almost daily uniform of jeans and a white T-shirt. On her wedding day she broke with habit and put on a dress she had bought, at great expense to her, that was fun, sexy and, although she didn’t use this word, flamboyant. The next week at the school she taught in she saw a colleague wearing it. “Nice dress,” she said. “It’s OK for work,” her colleague replied, “but I wouldn’t wear it out.”

I found myself recalling this anecdote as I read Jack Parlett’s memoir-cum-cultural history of our attempts to push the boat out. To make any effort is to risk embarrassment, to be seen either as ridiculous or hopelessly naive. One way to avoid those charges is to use playful or cynical irony. Parlett finds examples of this in Oscar Wilde and what the cultural critic Susan Sontag once described as camp, a worldview obsessed with artifice and performance. Although Flamboyance is not a polemic, it’s clear that its author sees something lacking in these efforts at self-fashioning. The book is couched as an alternative; Parlett presents flamboyance as a model for how to live a life that not only “burns with a resistant energy” but “puts politics back into the picture”.

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Today’s Frontier AI companies will never exceed the AI capability frontier again

Andrew Trask at his own Substack:

Everyone I’ve talked to in AI has always assumed that the future of AI is bigger models held by a smaller number of players. I get it… they can see a very strong trend over the last 10 years, and they bring that view to every AI regulation, investor strategy, VC pitchdeck, and futurist prediction.

But they couldn’t be more wrong, and now the numbers are showing it. Networks of smaller AI models are outperforming every frontier AI system (Fable/Mythos included) on speed, accuracy, and cost.

IBM, the US Government, Bell Telephone, Bell Labs, and everyone else was wrong in the 1960s about the mainframe computer… and everyone is wrong today about centralized AI. The future is a network of neural networks. It’s a PC+Internet of AI. The future is not open or closed source AI… it’s network-source AI.

More here.

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How will we distribute AI wealth? Proposal from Bernie Sanders

Bernie Sanders at his own website:

Since A.I. is built on the collective knowledge of humanity, the wealth it generates must benefit humanity. Not just Mr. Musk, Mr. Altman, Dario Amodei and other moguls whose companies are positioned to dominate the industry. Not just venture capitalists in Silicon Valley or money managers on Wall Street who undoubtedly see A.I. as the next great wealth-extracting machine.

That is why I will soon be introducing the American A.I. Sovereign Wealth Fund Act. This legislation would give the public a direct ownership stake in the largest A.I. companies in our country. How? It would create a sovereign wealth fund through a one-time 50 percent tax — not on the profits of OpenAI, Anthropic, xAI and other companies, but paid with something far more valuable than that: the stock.

If passed, this legislation would do two crucial things.

More here.

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Chabrol & Huppert: Doing Wrong

David Hudson at The Current:

Throughout the twenty-two minutes of Isabelle Huppert and Claude Chabrol: Crossed Portraits, a program Jean-Pierre Devillers directed for French television in 1998 (and now available on the Criterion Channel), the actor and director are playfully testy with each other as they reflect on the characters they have cocreated, beginning with Violette Nozière (1978). Plain and demure at home, eighteen-year-old Violette vamps it up when she heads out to turn tricks. She tries poisoning her parents (Jean Carmet and Stéphane Audran) more than once and eventually succeeds in killing her father.

After his death, the real-life Violette Nozière partied for a week in Montmartre before she was arrested, and the trial dominated headlines in French papers for weeks in the early 1930s. Huppert was twenty-four when she played Violette, but she pulled off a feat twice as astonishing in the flashbacks. When asked in the 1998 program if there was a particular moment that stood out in what was by then a twenty-year collaboration, Chabrol recalls one that tops a list of many: discovering that Huppert could play a twelve-year-old girl. “And mine is when he asked me to do it,” says Huppert with a proud smile.
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Toni Morrison’s Native Figures: A new reading of race in her novels

Namwali Serpell in The Yale Review:

Toni Morrison has lately been bestowed with a dubious distinction: the patron saint of cancel culture. Beyond her cutting remarks about whiteness in widely memed television interviews, her literary criticism interrogates racialized language in a way that, on the surface, resembles so-called activist scholarship. Take this footnote from her 1989 essay “Unspeakable Things Unspoken” about an encounter with prejudice on the page: “It should have occurred to Kenneth Lynn in 1986 that some young Native American might read his Hemingway biography and see herself described as ‘squaw’ by this respected scholar, and that some young men might shudder reading the words ‘buck’ and ‘half-breed’ so casually included in his scholarly speculations.” This comment is emblematic of how most people think of Morrison—as someone who drew attention to how racism can pervade art and discourse in insidious, even if unintentional, ways.

So what do we make of the fact that, in the classes I teach, some young men and women—Native American, black, mixed, and otherwise—shudder when reading the words Morrison herself seems to have casually included in her writing? Many students over the years have expressed feeling disturbed by her unflinching depictions of pedophilia, rape, murder, infanticide—which often appear through the point of view of the perpetrators. I once received a course evaluation complaining about how “comfortable” I seemed to be with saying the word “nigger” when I read aloud passages in class from her 1987 novel, Beloved.

More here.

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Tuesday Poem

Spacetime


Isaac Newton had it wrong.
The apple fell not because it was pulled,
But because it was pushed.

He wrestled with that apple
Until it defeated him
And he turned to the more practical science
Of Alchemy.

It was Einstein, on the train to Bern,
Whose mind blew open
When he knew that space equals time
And that both are flexible,
Draped over us like a blanket.

Stephen Hawking, expanding Einstein,
Tells time not with a clock or calendar,
But as the swirl of infinite space
Surrounding us.

The curvature of space and time
Around Isaac Newton  under his tree
Made the apple fall.

Gravity was the result—not the cause.
the apple is not  pulled — it is guided by
the shape of spacetime.

By Deborah Schantz
From The Rutherford Red Wheelbarrow.
2009

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The latest benefit of obesity drugs: boosting testosterone and sperm quality

Mariana Lenharo in Nature:

The latest generation of obesity drugs might have another potential benefit: improving fertility in men. A systematic review presented today at the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in Chicago, Illinois, suggests that GLP-1 medications might increase testosterone levels and help to improve the quality of sperm in men with obesity.

The evidence is still preliminary, and more robust trials are needed to confirm the association, says review co-author Pratibha Natesh, an endocrinologist at Warwick Medical School in Coventry, UK. But emerging evidence from other sources points in the same direction. Most of the next-generation obesity drugs that have come on the market in the past five years work by binding to the same receptor as a natural hormone called glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), creating a feeling of fullness. To learn how the drugs affect male fertility, Natesh and her colleagues searched the literature for randomized controlled trials of GLP-1 drugs that included measurements of testosterone levels in men. They found only five studies.

More here.

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Herder’s ‘Ideas for the Philosophy of the History of Mankind’

Courtney Fugate at Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews:

Johann Gottfried von Herder’s Ideas for the Philosophy of the History of Mankind is a monumental work, and so is this masterful translation—the first in over a century—by Gregory Martin Moore. Herder’s thought is one of the central forces that shaped nearly every aspect of German intellectual life from about 1770 until well after the turn of the century. He studied under Immanuel Kant at the University of Königsberg, where he also came under the influence of his teacher’s friendly rival, the eccentric anti-rationalist Johann Georg Hamann. Both left indelible marks on his philosophical outlook. Over his long career, Herder interacted, often in a decisive way, with almost every leading philosopher, poet, historian, and theologian of the German Enlightenment, eventually joining the inner circle of Weimar Classicism, alongside Wieland, Schiller, and Goethe. His massive literary output, of which still only a moderate selection exists in English, is itself far too extensive and diverse to describe here. Most notable are his contributions to aesthetics, psychology, anthropology, philosophy of language, political and cultural criticism, and biblical hermeneutics, along with his advancement of the study of folk traditions.[1] Towards the end of his life, he also published two full books aimed at curing the “transcendental influenza” he saw as arising from Kant’s critical philosophy (1955, XII).

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Monday, June 15, 2026

On Gustave Courbet Le Désespéré, or The Desperate Man

Brooks Riley at Art At First Sight:

There’s probably no other painting that so perfectly mimes and memes our miserable zeitgeist than Gustave Courbet’s overwrought selfie from 1844. For whatever reason, the painter decided to give us a good close look at a hissy fit extraordinaire, one that looks eerily like a reaction shot to our dystopian present.

The format is horizontal—a break with portrait tradition—so that his arms and hands can play a supporting role in conveying emotion, whatever that emotion may be.

As a painting it wavers between Caravaggian high-contrast melodrama and a proto-cinematic forecast of Gloria Swanson’s histrionics in Queen Kelly. A close-up ahead of its time, the painting’s impact is intensified by chiaroscuro details—black irises and whites of eyes, white shirt and black hair.

More here.

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This Could Be the Worst Ebola Outbreak in History

Jeremy Konyndyk in the New York Times:

The current situation in eastern Congo and Uganda combines some of the most dangerous aspects of the 2014 and 2018 outbreaks — the worst Ebola outbreaks in history. The virus was already spreading for several months before it was detected in May, and there are no approved vaccines or treatments for this particular form.

As bad as this situation is, we have a playbook for addressing such crises. But it requires a huge team effort — and this time, the United States has undermined its ability to help by shuttering U.S.A.I.D., cutting staff at C.D.C. and withdrawing from the W.H.O. Thousands of people could pay the ultimate price for that recklessness.

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On A Performance Of Peter Grimes

Paul du Quenoy at The New Criterion:

“There are plenty of Grimeses around still, I think!” said the British tenor Peter Pears, the composer Benjamin Britten’s partner in art and life, of the title character he originated in Britten’s first full-length opera. Based on George Crabbe’s The Borough (1810), a long narrative poem about a bullying fisherman who dies of madness after several of his apprentices perish on the job, Peter Grimes was conceived during World War II, while Britten and Pears lived in America. It premiered at London’s Sadler’s Wells Theatre less than a month after the end of the conflict in Europe.

Unlike the monstrous tormenter of Crabbe’s poem, the title character of Britten’s opera is a morally ambiguous character. In Pears’s words, Grimes is “an ordinary, weak person who, being at odds with the society in which he finds himself, tries to overcome it and, in doing so, offends against the conventional code, is classed by society as a criminal, and destroyed as such.”

Peter Grimes is widely regarded as the first great modern British opera and was a huge, immediate success, though not everyone grasped its themes.

more here.

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