Sari Nusseibeh on Philosophy and Conflict

In Philosophy Bites, David Edmonds and Nigel Warburton interview Sari Nusseibeh:

Host 1: We’re talking today about philosophy and conflict. But before we get into that, perhaps you can tell us a bit about your early years because you’re born into a a very famous and distinguished Palestinian family.

Guest: Yes. I was born into a family that considers itself to be distinguished. Our family name, Nasebeh, comes from the very, very distant past. It’s the name of a woman who supposedly fought alongside the prophet Muhammad. And in theory, we actually came to Jerusalem right from that time.

Guest: I was born personally in Damascus. That was during the early wars that created Israel and created, on the other hand, the Palestinian refugee problem. My parents’ mother was in Damascus. I was born there. But a year or two later after my birth, I came to Jerusalem and grew up in Jerusalem.

Host 1: And then you went to Oxford as an undergraduate at a time when Wittgenstein and linguistic philosophy more generally was dominant. Ordinary language in particular, the idea that philosophical problems as it were dissolve in the analysis of language, that’s very much gone out of fashion. But I wonder whether its influence has stayed with you, what the importance of your Oxford philosophy was.

Guest: Well, I think the primary importance has to do not with the theory of linguistics or the theory of philosophy of language as such, but with the way philosophy tutors are conducted. And in my case, I was very lucky to have as a tutor Oscar Wood. Although he did not necessarily like me, I was quite fond of him, and he has remained with me ever since. He was the kind of person who made you always search for good reasons for holding the view that you hold or the opinion that you hold. And this has stayed with me.

More here.

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Shulamith Firestone’s portraits of madness reveal a condition afflicting us all

Vivian Gornick in Boston Reviews:

When I was a girl in the 1950s women, for the most part, got married, gave birth, and stayed home; if necessary, they went to work as schoolteachers or secretaries or salesgirls. They did not enter the professions, start a business, serve in government, or become university professors; nor did they climb a telephone pole, go down in the mines, or compete in a marathon. Today a girl is born with the knowledge that not only can she do any or all of the above, it is even assumed that she will pursue a working life as well as a domestic one. The change in social expectations for women, nothing short of monumental, is due to the Second Wave of American feminism (otherwise known as the Women’s Liberation Movement), a political and social development characterized by the twin efforts of liberals who worked throughout the 1960s, ’70s, and ’80s to achieve equality for women under the law and radicals who worked to eradicate deep-dyed, historic sexism through a change in cultural consciousness. Among the leading figures in this second group was Shulamith Firestone, of whom it was said, “I think of her as a shooting star. She flashed brightly across the midnight sky, and then she disappeared.” That’s exactly how I remember her.

Although I, too, was a Second Wave feminist, I functioned in the Movement more as a writer than a group-oriented activist. In fact, I first met Shulamith when I interviewed her for my first feminist piece for the Village Voice. I can still see her that day in 1969, sitting in the kitchen of her fourth-floor Lower East Side walk-up—small, fierce, large dark eyes peering out at me from the middle of that extraordinary mane of waist-length black hair—answering my every question with the rapid-fire rhetorical skill that marked her every utterance. It was no surprise to me when, the following year, her first book, The Dialectic of Sex: The Case for Feminist Revolution was published and I, along with the rest of the world, felt the full force of her Talmudic brilliance.

More here.

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Don’t like joining in? Why it could be your superpower

Rami Kaminski in The Guardian:

‘I can’t explain it. He is a sweetheart. A beautiful boy inside and out, and so brilliant.” This was how a session with N, a longtime patient of mine, began some years ago. Her son, A, was a young teenager, and in spite of coming from a warm, loving family with attentive parents, he had started having social  difficulties.

He wasn’t being bullied or left out at school. He wasn’t depressed, moody or anxious. In fact, he was popular, well liked and constantly being invited to parties, to basketball games, and to hang out with groups of young people. The problem was, he turned all these invitations down, and N couldn’t understand why. Three weeks later, I sat with A in my office. I asked him to describe his experience of attending parties and other social events. “I just feel weird,” he said, “like I’m not part of it, which is odd as these are all my friends. I know they like me and are happy I’m there, but I still don’t feel connected. I only feel lonely or bored when I’m with many people, and not when I’m with one or two close friends or when I’m alone.” Then he added: “I don’t like to say those things because it makes me sound like an alien. Do you think there’s something wrong with me?”

More here.

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Sunday Poem

They/Them

said short: i feel more like a stud. said
with some nuance: as if i came to
masculinity through the women’s gate,
as if a daughter who grew into her father
but not like trans, but like trans or
a transformation without catalyst
or smoke. or more like born
in the right body too early or born
at the wrong time, in the wrong language.
i remember Tommy said he (is he a they now?)
lived for how i put it in that one poem “more
tomboy than boy” and i think that’s what
language does—builds a room made for living.
and who have i followed further into myself?
Cam, Paula, Tommy, Fati, Andrea, Auntie George
or anyone who saved me from a body of silence
by just living their lives in the sun? and if
the soul is a table on which the body sits
crowded with the meat and the marrow
and the red, red wine, around me sit
too many ghosts to ever rest in isolation.
of course you should address me in the plural.
said short: i am everyone. i am everything.

said shorter: i am.

By Danez Smith

from Poetry (July/August 2025)

 

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Friday, August 22, 2025

A new book makes the case for replacing elections with a system of government based on random selection

Niko Kolodny in the Boston Review:

When democracy seems everywhere in crisis, it may sound paradoxical, to say the least, that the solution to our troubles is to scrap elections altogether. But that is precisely what political philosopher Alexander Guerrero proposes in his bold and illuminating book, Lottocracy: Democracy Without Elections. We should select political officials not by voting, he contends, but by lottery from among the entire adult citizenry.

As radical as it sounds, the idea, indeed the reality, of “sortition”—using random selection to select political officials—is nothing new. Nor is it the prerogative of any particular political persuasion. The Athenians used such a system more than two thousand years ago. The Trinidadian Marxist C. L. R. James celebrated this system when he argued, echoing Lenin, that “every cook can govern.” The idea has seen something of a popular revival in recent years thanks to the writing and advocacy of people like political theorist Hélène Landemore and Belgian historian David Van Reybrouck. And it has been put into practice in a variety of deliberative and citizens’ assemblies, including in Europe and the United States. What sets Guerrero’s analysis apart is that he has thought through how such a system might work in modern societies in exhaustive detail. The result is a landmark argument that must be reckoned with.

More here.

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What’s the carbon footprint of using ChatGPT or Gemini?

Hannah Ritchie at Sustainability by Numbers:

  • My main conclusion is no different from my initial post: individual usage of ChatGPT and other LLMs for most people is a small part of their carbon and energy footprint.
  • The energy use “per query” is possibly 10 times lower than estimated in the previous article. Google estimates that its median text query uses around 33-times less energy than 12 months ago. So, this kind of stacks up.
  • Google says that its median text query uses around 0.24 Wh of electricity. That’s a tiny amount: equivalent to microwaving for one second, or running a fridge for 6 seconds.

More here.

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The Quiet Ear by Raymond Antrobus

Alex Clark at The Guardian:

Raymond Antrobus is not the first poet in his family: on his mother’s side, he is descended from Thomas Gray, whose most famous poem, Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard (1751), is filled with sounds – lowing cows, the droning of a beetle in flight, twittering swallows and a crowing cock among them. These are the noises that, if he’s not wearing hearing aids, might escape Antrobus, who was born with what he often characterises as “missing sound” in the upper and lower registers: a whistling kettle or a doorbell disappears at one end, while at the other, syllables might get elided, rendering, for example, “suspicious” as “spacious” – words with problematically different meanings.

If this idea of a continuum of sound seems straightforward, as Antrobus points out in this compact, powerful exploration of his experience, it is often hard to explain to those who understand deafness as an inability to hear anything. Many imagine deaf people existing entirely in silence, cut off from communication with the hearing world except through lip-reading, sign language and equipment. For Antrobus, this aspect of “audism” can be as effortful to navigate as conversations and soundscapes in which he uses practised strategies to compensate for what his ears do not pick up.

more here.

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Russia Refracted

Solomon Petrov and Veronika Travina in The Ideas Letter:

Today there are two popular images of Russian society. One, drawn by the Kremlin, presents a people united around the state, supporting the “special military operation,” demanding victory over Ukraine, and proclaiming the advent of a new era and a new world order. The other, deriving from the most radical part of the liberal class, depicts a fragmented and intimidated population mired in cowardly opportunism. Both images allude to totalitarianism, which is characterized by mobilization and atomization, bloodthirstiness and conformism.

Neither depiction is wholly accurate. Society in Russia is made up of different groups with different interests, values, and expectations. While many feel lost, disillusioned, and alienated by the war, others welcome the force of wartime change, imagining that they themselves are at the center of it. Perhaps the most interesting thing about Russian society today is that it includes groups of people who cannot be called supporters of the war but who have not lost themselves during this extraordinary time. Far from it: through the war, they have even found themselves by discovering a new civic agency.

More here.

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“Ruth,” by Kate Riley

Dwight Garner at the NY Times:

There are inklings of greatness in Kate Riley’s first novel, “Ruth.” It claims a place on that high modern shelf next to the offbeat books of Ottessa Moshfegh, Sheila Heti, Elif Batuman and Nell Zink — those possessors of wrinkled comic sensibilities rooted in pain.

It isn’t easy of access and won’t be to everyone’s taste. Riley makes an “elite product,” as the English writer Angela Carter said of her own fiction. If “Ruth” fails to find its readership now, I suspect it will become an underground classic of American folk wit, one that happens to be about growing up in a religious cult. “Ruth” is defiantly strange, and so is Ruth, the protagonist, whom we follow from youth (she is born in 1963) into late middle age. She grows up in a series of linked Christian communes, which resemble Amish settlements. Lives are led mostly off the grid: Property is shared, underwear is homemade and sports and dancing are discouraged for fear of body worship. Distant is the secular world of “printed T-shirts and cohabitation before marriage.” Romantic love is suspect because it can pry members from strictly communal bonds. There is a loose, ambient sense of near-totalitarian surveillance.

more here.

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Measure blood sugar with a grain of salt

Sujata Gupta in Science News:

Nicole Spartano does not have diabetes. But the Boston University epidemiologist has occasionally worn a continuous glucose monitor, or CGM, a device once reserved for those with the condition. Her desire to understand how factors such as food, sleep and exercise influence her blood sugar levels stems from her own research into how CGMs might help individuals ward off diseases like diabetes and feel healthier overall. People with diabetes use CGMs to monitor their blood sugar level and need for supplementary insulin, the hormone (produced naturally in most people) that enables cells to consume that sugar for much-needed energy. Less is known, though, about how to interpret CGM readings in people without the condition, Spartano and others say.

Nonetheless, the devices’ popularity has exploded in recent years. That’s in part thanks to endorsements from influencers like Casey Means, President Donald Trump’s nominee for U.S. surgeon general. In her 2024 book, Good Energy, Means, who cofounded a company that sells the devices, touted CGMs as “the most powerful technology for generating the data and awareness to rectify our Bad Energy crisis in the Western world.”

More here.

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Friday Poem

Dharma Queries

—A Quick Review of the Present Yuga

1. Nature and Man—the great Paleolithic Goddess and the
antler’d dancer—magic paintings in caves; red hands; red
dots.
2. Social energy and Man—the gathering of bronze and
iron-age power; tribes become “nations” and expand—the pole
Star, the War Chief, the penis-as-weapon resolve as
God in Heaven.
3. A reaction to pure social and warrior-power mystiques:
teachers of social management—Confucius, Zoroaster, Judaic
reforms; spiritual-social disciplines like the Gita.
4. Christianity, Buddhism, Confucianism, temper the power
hunger of states and castles; with emphasis on individual
responsibility and liberation.
5. These systems become power-manipulators in turn, while
within them survival of archaic Nature-and-Man traditions
regain influence. Yogacara Buddhism leading toward Vajrayana;
Mediterranean mystery cults leading towards dozens of
occidental occult and alchemical streams of thought.
6. Contemporary Science: the knowledge that society and any
given cultural outlook is arbitrary; and that the more we
conquer Nature the weaker we get. The objective eye of science,
stiving to see Nature plain, must finally look at “subject”
and “object” and the very eye that looks. We discover that all
of us carry within us caves; with animals and gods on the
walls; a place of ritual and Magic.

Gary Snyder
from Earth House Hold
new Directions Books, 1969

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Thursday, August 21, 2025

Next manuscript by Amitav Ghosh to be kept sealed for 89 years

Ella Creamer in The Guardian:

The next manuscript by Indian writer Amitav Ghosh will not be read for 89 years, as he becomes the 12th author to contribute to the Future Library project.

Ghosh joins Margaret Atwood, Han Kang, Ocean Vuong and other prominent authors who have written secret manuscripts, which are locked away until 2114.

The texts are stored in a specifically designed silent room in the Deichman Bjørvika building at the public library in Oslo. At the end of the project, the full anthology of texts will be printed using paper made from trees from the Future Library forest in Nordmarka, in northern Oslo, where 1,000 spruce trees were planted by Katie Paterson, the artist behind the project, in 2014.

Ghosh, whose novels include The Circle of Reason and Sea of Poppies, said being invited to participate in the Future Library project was a “profound honour and a humbling act of trust”. The initiative “compels us to think beyond our lifetimes, to imagine readers who have not yet been born”.

More here.

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The 2 freak accidents that shaped human evolution

Sean B. Carroll at Big Think:

When you think about the long history of life on Earth, you might think, “well, it’s been this progression.” Almost as though it had a direction, almost had a purpose, and that some things are predictable. Not at all. When you really unpack the geological history of the planet and the biological history of the planet, it’s been a random walk through all sorts of events.

The Earth is evolving, the physical entity of the Earth is evolving, and life has to evolve right along with it. So we need to have this understanding of this relationship, this coupling between the physical planet that life exists on and what’s going on with life itself. Intersect those two, and it’s an incredible series of accidents that’s given us the world we know today.

This is really a deep philosophical rub for humanity. For millennia, philosophers and theologians have asked the question: Does everything happen for a reason, or do some things happen by chance? And I would really say it’s only about the last 60 years or so that scientists would be saying, “oh, my goodness, it’s a remarkable series of events that were required for us to be here.” And that so many things could have happened in a different way that we wouldn’t be here at all, both individually, for sure, and certainly as a species.

More here.

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