A string of surprising advances suggests usable quantum computers could be here in a decade

Davide Castelvecchi in Nature:

The pace of progress in the field has picked up dramatically, especially in the past two years or so, along several fronts. Teams in academic laboratories, as well as companies ranging from small start-ups to large technology corporations, have drastically reduced the size of errors that notoriously fickle quantum devices tend to produce, by improving both the manufacturing of quantum devices and the techniques used to control them. Meanwhile, theorists better understand how to use quantum devices more efficiently.

“At this point, I am much more certain that quantum computation will be realized, and that the timeline is much shorter than people thought,” says Dorit Aharonov, a computer scientist at Hebrew University in Jerusalem. “We’ve entered a new era.”

More here.

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Nicholas Kristof: These Three Red States Are the Best Hope in Schooling

Nicholas Kristof in the New York Times:

A ray of hope is emerging in American education.

Not among Democrats or Republicans, each diverted by culture wars. Not in the education reform movement, largely abandoned by the philanthropists who once propelled it. Not in most schools across the country, still struggling with chronic absenteeism and a decade of faltering test scores.

Rather, hope emerges in the most unlikely of places: three states here in the Deep South that long represented America’s educational basement. These states — Alabama, Louisiana and Mississippi — have histories of child poverty, racism and dismal educational outcomes, and they continue to spend less than most other states on public schools.

More here.

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The Crisis at the Heart of Modernity

Arleen Ionescu at the LARB:

RECENTLY, THERE HAS been renewed scholarly interest in reassessing modernism. Several edited anthologies have been published this decade—Stephen J. Ross and Alys Moody’s Global Modernists on Modernism (2020), Douglas Mao’s The New Modernist Studies (2021), Sean Latham and ‎Gayle Rogers’s The New Modernist Studies Reader (2021), the renowned Bloomsbury series Understanding Philosophy, Understanding Modernism, and Penn State University Press’s series Refiguring Modernism, to name a few. Terry Eagleton’s newest book, Modernism: A Literature in Crisis (2025), rides the wave of this renewed interest. The book is written in the author’s typically witty style, offering a reader-friendly introduction to—and vivid account of—modernism, not only in literature but also in all of its cultural dimensions. The word “literature” in the subtitle is thus misleading as the book goes well beyond that, engaging a range of debates about “crisis” at the beginning of the 20th century.

T. S. Eliot’s question from “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”—“Should I, after tea and cakes and ices, / Have the strength to force the moment to its crisis?”—comes to mind as an emblematic statement of crisis in modernist literature.

more here.

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José Donoso’s ‘The Obscene Bird of Night’

Larry Rohter at the NYRB:

At the time of its initial publication in Spanish, José Donoso’s extravagantly grotesque novel The Obscene Bird of Night seemed to lend itself to a primarily political interpretation. It was 1970, and his native Chile was in the throes of the election campaign that resulted that September in the victory of Salvador Allende, the country’s first socialist president, and a sweeping effort to reorder its social and economic structures. Donoso’s novel read easily then as a deliberately outlandish allegory of the centuries of exploitation and oppression that were fueling Allende’s rise, and by the time the book appeared in English in 1973, the situation in Chile had cemented that impression: Allende and the transformation he sought were being besieged by the forces of reaction, and General Augusto Pinochet was soon to launch his bloody coup.

A half-century on, in a translation newly revised by Megan McDowell and with material excised from previous American editions now restored, Donoso’s novel registers very differently. A political interpretation is still possible, should one choose to lean in that direction, but The Obscene Bird of Night is too rich, deep, and complex to be confined to that single, limited view. In a time replete with manifold political monsters every bit as awful as those Donoso imagined, his novel also seems prescient in its presentation of gender, religion, and, above all, the anomie that results from the breakdown of the ties binding the individual and the community.

more here.

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Black History Theme: A Century of Black History Commemorations

From ASALH:

2026 marks a century of national commemorations of Black history. Dr. Carter Godwin Woodson, George Cleveland Hall, William B. Hartgrove, Jesse E. Moorland, Alexander L. Jackson, and James E. Stamps institutionalized the teaching, study, dissemination, and commemoration of Black history when they founded the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History (ASNLH) on September 9, 1915.

In 1925, when Dr. Carter G. Woodson planned the inaugural week-long observance of Black history, he could hardly have anticipated the imprint he would leave on the world. From Negro History Week to Black History Month, ASALH has carried forth the tradition, and the observances have become part of the warp and weft of American culture and increasingly the global community. For our 100th theme, the founders of Black History Month urge us to explore the impact and meaning of Black history and life commemorations in transforming the status of Black peoples in the modern world.

More here. (Note: Throughout February, at least one post will be devoted to Black History Month: A century of Black History Commemorations)

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Monday, February 9, 2026

Review of “Rebel English Academy” by Mohammed Hanif – a sure-fire Booker contender

Yagnishsing Dawoor in The Guardian:

Mohammed Hanif’s novels address the more troubling aspects of Pakistani history and politics with unhinged, near-treasonous irreverence. His 2008 Booker-longlisted debut, A Case of Exploding Mangoes, was a scabrously comic portrait of General Zia-ul-Haq in the days leading up to his death in a suspicious plane crash in 1988. Masquerading as a whodunnit, it was a satire of religiosity and military authoritarianism. Dark, irony-soaked comedy that marries farce to unsparing truth-telling was also the chosen mode for other vexed subjects, from violence against women and religious minorities in Our Lady of Alice Bhatti to the war machine in Red Birds.

Hanif’s prickly new novel confirms his standing as one of south Asia’s most unnervingly funny and subversive voices. The story kicks off right after ousted socialist PM Zulfikar Ali Bhutto is put to death by army chief turned autocrat Zia. Following the execution, disgraced intelligence officer Gul has been posted to OK Town, a sleepy backwater where he “would need to create his own entertainment and come up with a mission to shine on this punishment posting”.

More here.

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Why clinical trials are inefficient and why it matters

Adam Kroetsch at Policy and Practice:

We need clinical trial abundance. When trials are slow and costly, it doesn’t just hurt the pharmaceutical industry that pays for the trials – it limits how many treatments reach patients and how quickly they arrive. Less expensive, more abundant trials would lead to more treatments and cures.

Experts across the field – from industry leaders to FDA commissioners – agree that clinical trials need reform. And many have offered solutions. But while proposed solutions are easy to find, we have not yet seen a clear explanation of exactly why clinical trials are so inefficient in the first place. Why does an industry that depends so heavily on trials allow them to become so slow and expensive? Without a diagnosis, we don’t know whether we are providing the right treatment.

So in this post, I’d like to take a deep dive: what are the root causes of inefficient trials? And how do we fix them?

More here.

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“Breakneck: China’s Quest to Engineer the Future” by Dan Wang

Alex Smith at the Asian Review of Books:

At the core of Wang’s argument is the assertion that for all their similarities, the two countries often function as “inversions” of one another. Labels of capitalist, neoliberal, communist and socialist have limited utility when it comes to the United States and China of the present. Instead, Wang argues, China is best understood as an “engineering state”, while the United States is a “lawyerly society”.

Wang defines China’s engineering state as one dominated by technocratic engineers—Wang’s paternal grandparents, he notes later in the book, met while they were studying to be chemical engineers—and characterised by major public works projects, often carried out despite huge environmental and human costs. But above all, Wang contends, China has long been engaged in a project of social engineering, shaping and moulding its population for more important political and economic ends.

The United States’ lawyerly society, by contrast, is dominated by lawyers who are better at blocking construction rather than enabling it. While the law is often used by the wealthy and elites to further their own interests, it has also enabled pluralism and respect for individual rights, features both notably absent in the engineering society.

More here.

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David Bowie: The Making Of A Modern Saint

Simon Critchley at The Guardian:

Beginning with the Anglicanism of St Mary’s Church in Bromley, where Bowie sang in the choir, continuing with his immersion in Tibetan Buddhism in the late 1960s and on to the occultism of Aleister Crowley, Ormerod unpacks the religious preoccupations of Bowie’s art in compelling prose. But still, it all seems rather straightforward and the little stabs at philosophy (Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, and so on) feel a tiny bit Wiki.

But the book takes on a growing velocity when analysing Bowie’s later work, particularly in the chapter on Heathen (I’ve not read anything as good on that album). This momentum develops into fine, detailed discussions of The Next Day and Blackstar, and also Lazarus, his stunning final experiment with musical theatre. What makes these sections so good is that Ormerod deals with Bowie as text; as the occasion for close reading, which I think is what his work, like all good art, deserves.

more here.

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On Luc Besson’s Dracula

Tyler Dean at Artforum:

Coppola’s adaptation cleaves relatively closely to the plot of Stoker’s novel, but Besson’s script replicates, almost exactly, only the parts of Coppola’s film that deviate from Stoker’s story. In both films, Dracula is explicitly the undead Vlad Ţepeș (the Wallachian warlord whose moniker Stoker borrowed while eschewing the rest of the actual history), in love with his wife, who dies during the Count’s fight against the Ottoman Empire. In both films, the character of Mina Murray is reimagined as the reincarnation and doppelgänger of said dead wife, and lengthy sequences are added in which Dracula and Mina have a secret courtship and fall in love. But in its deviation from Stoker’s text, Besson’s Dracula introduces some intriguing if somewhat underdeveloped ideas: Besson combines Renfield (Dracula’s asylum-bound thrall) and Lucy (his first victim) into a single character. The Van Helsing role is filled by an unnamed priest, played by Christoph Waltz, who muses about the obligations of lapsed Christians (like Dracula) to a God who has failed them. This Dracula also has all the visual hallmarks of a typical Besson film: an arresting, overblown style; intricately choreographed, dance-like action sequences (and dance sequences); slapstick with a 50 percent hit rate; weird, cutesy little CGI dudes.

more here.

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Regenerative Biology’s Baby Steps

Saima Sidik in Harvard Magazine:

An axolotl is a salamander with a superpower: it can regrow its limbs. When a predator chomps off its leg or it loses an appendage in an accident, a new one will quickly take its place.

Many scientists would like to know how the axolotl does this and whether it’s possible to stimulate lost limbs to regrow in humans, too. In recent decades, research has focused on how cells around an axolotl’s injury site reorganize to kick off limb regeneration. But in fact, the animal’s whole body jumps into action, as regenerative biologist Jessica Whited and her colleagues describe in a study recently published in Cell. The molecular marks of limb amputation were evident in “basically all the places we looked,” Whited says, including in unamputated limbs.

More here.

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Bad Bunny’s Super Bowl Halftime Show Was an Exuberant Act of Resistance

Andrew Chow in Time Magazine:

When Bad Bunny emerged from a row of towering sugar cane stalks to kick off his Super Bowl halftime show performance, it might have been easy to read the set design as little more than a lush backdrop: a tableau of Caribbean paradise imported to the Bay. Bad Bunny certainly didn’t explicitly acknowledge the sugar cane: He was too busy singing “Tití Me Preguntó,” a brash ode to his sexual prowess, which has racked up a billion streams both on Spotify and YouTube.

But like everything that Bad Bunny does, the scene cut deeper than its appearance. The Puerto Rican singer surrounded himself with men and women cutting down the stalks, summoning the territory’s centuries-long colonization, in which sugar played a central role. Spain brought the crop to the island in the 1500s and set up massive plantations manned by slaves. At the end of the 19th century, the United States took the island by force and set up its own lucrative sugar colony, with mainland corporations controlling a significant share of production and reaping massive profits.

More here.

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Sunday, February 8, 2026

The Limits to Trump’s Power in America and the World

Henry Farrell in Programmable Mutter:

did the Ezra Klein show last Friday, and it went up on the NYT website this morning. A whole lot has happened in the meantime. The way I think is through talking with other people, and a lot of thinking happened in the conversation. It wove together what happened in the world last week with what is happening in Minneapolis, in ways that I am still trying to work out. So here is a short interim report, written less as a polished essay than an attempt to pull these thoughts together.

What became clearer to me, as Ezra and I talked, is the connection between the limits to US power in the world, and the limits to the Trump administration’s power inside the borders of America. We briefly mentioned a long-ago fight that I had with the late David Graeber, who advanced a theory of world politics in his book, Debt, that described the global economy as a tribute system, and emphasized the awesome power of the United States to terrify the rest of the world into submission. Back then, I disagreed with Graeber’s claims and Graeber took strong exception to my disagreement, provoking a very long response from me. The upshot of my argument was that the United States is incapable of pulling what I called the “Delian League Switcheroo.” Thucydides describes how 5th century BCE Athens transformed its alliance against the Persians, the Delian League, into a protection racket to squeeze allies and turn them into vassals. I argued back then that the US would find it very hard to do this at scale…

More here.

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Eternal Recurrences

In The Ideas Letter, Aaron Benanav, Leif Weatherby, and Evgeny Morozov debate AI, capitalism and socialism:

Evgeny Morozov knows how to theorize (and, a fortiori, how to intellectually provoke) like few other mortals. The elegance of his argumentation and the sophistication of his critiques are legendary. Several issues back, Morozov launched a grenade by suggesting that socialist attempts to harness AI have treated it like other basic tools of capitalist production—as a neutral instrument that can simply be redirected—rather than as a transformative force that actively shapes social values and human capacities.

We now have two responses to Morozov’s original essay, one from the Cornell historian Aaron Benanav, a target of Morozov’s earlier salvo, and another from the NYU scholar Leif Weatherby. For Benanav, humanity stands between two technological revolutions—generative AI and the green energy transition—and how we choose between them will determine the shape of the future.  His essay develops a broader project of designing a post-capitalist “multidimensional economy” (for more see his coruscating essays in New Left Review this past year ) while rebutting Morozov’s claim that such a framework would stifle technological “worldmaking.”

Weatherby, who looks at both Morozov and Benanav, argues that contemporary Marxist and socialist analyses of technology fail to engage adequately with the entanglement between technological rationality and capitalist ideology. To understand AI and the digital economy, Weatherby suggests, one must see them as the logical outcomes of a longstanding merger between mathematics, computation, and neoliberal governance—a fusion that has turned “optimization” into both the logic and the theology of capitalism itself.

Morozov responds in analytically stentorian tones asserting misrepresentation. His rebuttal is a blistering defense of his original essay on socialism and AI.

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Trump’s Dollar

Steffen Murau in Phenomenal World:

One year into Donald Trump’s second term, the global economic order is being given a facelift that wouldn’t look out of place at his Mar-a-Lago beach club. The President has turned his famous penchant for tariffs—“the most beautiful word in the English language”—into an agenda for national rejuvenation, imposing them on allies and enemies alike. Stunned commentators have made various attempts to interpret the sweeping trade restrictions: as a break with the US role in superintending world capitalism, a tool to bully individual states into signing favorable deals, or a mindless assertion of raw power. Yet there is still no consensus about either the nature of this shift or its long-term implications.

Some have sought answers in the work of Trump’s former economic adviser Stephen Miran, now member of the Federal Reserve’s board of governors, whose policy document A User’s Guide to Restructuring the Global Trading System was published in the runup to the 2024 election. The paper appears to explain the logic behind many of the decisions which have played out since, calling for a “generational change” to “put American industry on fairer grounds vis-à-vis the rest of the world,” with tariffs the primary vehicle. The dollar’s strength for the past half century, writes Miran, has made US exports too expensive for the rest of the world to buy, while making imports too cheap for American consumers to pass up. The result has been the degradation of American manufacturing and industrial output. “Persistent dollar overvaluation” is said to flow from the way in which “dollar assets function as the world’s reserve currency.” It is simply too burdensome for the US to “finance the provision of reserve assets and the defense umbrella, as the manufacturing and tradeable sectors bear the brunt of the costs.”

Miran is not alone in arguing for the dollar’s devaluation.

More here.

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