Think You’re at the Top of the Food Chain? Think Again

William Eggington in The New York Times:

Riding my bike recently through Baltimore’s swampy summer heat, I pulled up sharply to avoid running over a yard-and-a-half-long eastern rat snake slowly making her way across the hot asphalt. I picked her up and placed her at the root of the nearest tree, which she quickly scaled until she reached a branch at more or less the height of my head. Perched there, with her body draped around the tree trunk, she cocked her head forward in a classic snaky pose, and stared at me with what I took to be a look of astonished relief.

I tell this story not to try to show that I’m brave. I like snakes and can recognize the few venomous species in the region. My point is, rather, to raise a question that Christine Webb explores in her excellent new book, “The Arrogant Ape.” When I had my moment with that rat snake: Was it all in my mind? Or was there something actually going on in her mind, too?

More here.

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Sunday Poem

Two Mass Shootings, Same Day, Michigan

I went to two locations of mass shootings this week.
One where every single person I talked to was white.

One where every single person I talked to was black.
The white shooter shot white people. And the black

shooter shot black people. The poor shooter shot
poor people. The middle-class shooter shot middle-

class people. The veteran killed a veteran. USMC
killed a Navy vet. Two kids and two adults were

shot by a dumpster. Too many to count were shot
in a church. The police said no comment. The fire

department said no comment. The neighbors, though,
had comments. I saw a man in his car; I walked up

and realized he was crying. I asked if his tears were
due to the shooting. “What shooting?” I told him

about it. “Did they die?” I don’t think so, I said.
Shot in the feet, shoulder, chest, but I think they

all lived. At the other shooting, a nurse told me
about seeing the body recovery trucks. I asked

why the man was crying. He told me work has
been hard. He’s a chef at the airport, told me

that’s all he does is work. We’re in Highland
Park. The crime index marks it as “Safer than

2% of U.S. cities.” That means that it’s more
dangerous than 98% of U.S. cities. Detroit.

This area is known for “high overall, violent
and property crime rates.” He’s an African-

American man in his 40s, crying in his car.
It’s not about the shootings. He didn’t know

about the shootings. I find he’s crying about,
really, poverty. The apartment complex we

are in front of is an area rated F for “violent
crime” and F for “property crime” and F for

“other crime” and yet the apartments here
cost over a thousand dollars. I ask if there

is anything I can do for him. He shakes his
head no, the tears streaming down his face

reflected in the streetlights. I go up to two
men in bright white T-shirts and ask them

how we lessen the gun violence. “I don’t
know,” one says. They tell me I seem like

a cop. I tell them I’m not, tell them I don’t
know how it works, but I think I’d have to

tell them if I’m a cop and I’m not. I ask
why they think I’m a cop. “The glasses,

the awkward laugh.” I give the awkward
laugh again, tell them I don’t want names,

ask how we lessen gun violence, especially
in black communities. They’re silent, one

lights up, and then the other says, “Poverty.”
One word. That’s it. The news is all about

guns and mental health, mental health and
guns, and he says one word that’s not at all

getting mentioned: Poverty. I ask if they’re
working. “Illegally,” one of them tells me.

They walk away. And then I’m an hour up
north, and a Marine has rammed his truck

into a Mormon church, opened fire, and I’m
in front of the church, because police let me

in as a journalist, and there’s a moment
where the other journalists get all their

footage and leave, a moment where I’m
alone, a moment where even the police

officer standing there, not letting any of
the journalists get closer, leaves, and I’m

alone in the dark in front of this church
that’s just burned down full of bullet

holes and the night is angry and eating
the entirety of the world and it’s quiet,

no crickets, the moon afraid to breathe,
and I feel sick to my stomach, to my

soul, and I just stare at the church sign
and I can’t feel the presence of God

and it hurts me, not to be able to feel,
and the dark aches and eats into me,

and it’s rural dark, Halloween-nearing
dark, fall dark, death dark, and I can’t

believe what we’re doing, and there’s
nothing I can say or do, so I stare and

I wish for God, but there’s a brutal
lacking of stars in the sky tonight.

by Journalist Ron Riekki:

Read more »

Friday, October 3, 2025

This Essay has to be written in English to show that it cannot be written in English

Nora Muñiz at the European Review of Books:

Sometimes it feels as if the tacos have been rubbed out of my tongue. For four years, I’ve been speaking a language that doesn’t belong to me, one that exists only through synonyms that are foreign to me. I’ve been living in the US for four years. The problem is not English — though I sometimes mistake a conjugation — but my own native language. My Spanish has not worsened, but it definitely has changed. My mexicanisms appear with lesser and lesser frequency in my daily speech. When I’m teaching Spanish and my undergrad students ask me the word for short, I have to fight my own instinct. I no longer say chaparro but pequeño. No longer cuate but amigo. No longer my Spanish but Spanish 101.

For a while I thought that this neutral Spanish (neutral for whom?) was limited to my classroom. That it was just a pedagogy tool so my undergrads could communicate with any Spanish-speaking person, as if the mark of a good teacher was her disappearance. However, on 3 December 2023 I realized that the erasure had started affecting me. That day, at around 8pm, I texted my mom: « how is this called? ». Attached was the image of the kitchen basin. Fregadero, she answered. I felt as if I was learning Mexican from my mom as I had done when I was a baby.

More here.

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Why Our Brains, Our Selves won the Royal Society science book prize

Sandra Knapp in New Scientist:

There were many excellent science books among this year’s entries, but Our Brains, Our Selves stood out for its combination of beautiful storytelling, rigorous and cutting-edge science told in an engaging way, and, above all, its humanity. Husain is a neuroscientist, but also a clinician: seven of his patients’ stories make up the chapters of the book.

Their conditions vary – one individual is overcome with apathy after surviving a stroke; another believes she is having an affair with her own husband – but they all lead to profound changes. The book is a beautiful exploration of how pathological problems in the brain can cause people to become completely different, such that they are rejected by society.

The golden thread running through the book is the concept of “self” and how the brain influences who we are.

More here.

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Bill Gates: Demystifying the science behind fission and fusion

Bill Gates at Gates Notes:

The two technologies often get lumped together, which is understandable given how similar they seem on the surface. But the reality is that, in many ways, fission and fusion are opposites. Knowing how each one works—and why they are different—is critical to understanding the roles they will play in the decades ahead.

When people talk about “nuclear power,” they are almost always talking about fission. Fission has been powering homes around the world since 1954 (the year before I was born!). Although the technology has evolved a lot over the years—and continues to improve, as I’ll explain—the fundamental physics remains the same.

More here.

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How Pokémon Can Save the World

Joseph Earl Thomas at the VQR:

Ask your kids, or some nerd born in the ’80s, about a Pikachu and slip into a twenty-minute explainer suffused with a network of interlocking songs, toys, anime, games, plushies, and manga, each of which makes no sense on its own.

“Isn’t Pikachu a squirrel?” my kid asked me recently. “Ain’t he?”

“I think he’s a rat,” I corrected him.

“Electric-mouse-type Pokémon,” my daughter clarified. “Skwovet is a squirrel.”

The semiotic density that these figures have accumulated since their absorption into mainstream culture is hard to overstate: An eight-foot-tall Pikachu poses for photos with strangers on a Tuesday in Oaxaca’s zocalo, dodges riot police in Turkish protest footage, and is the fulcrum to one of Vince Staples’s best bars (“Death row till they put you in the Pikachu to fry”). They’ve blended into rap music and contemporary literature to the point of inseparability, such that, without them, there is no full accounting of today’s tomorrow.

more here.

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Shadow Ticket by Thomas Pynchon

Dwight Garner at the New York Times:

It’s not as if Thomas Pynchon has never written about cheese before. In his first novel, “V.” (1963), there’s an artist named Slab — he’s a “catatonic expressionist” — who obsessively paints cheese Danishes in various styles: Cubist, Fauvist, Surrealist, etc. In Pynchon’s second book, “The Crying of Lot 49” (1966), a woman named Oedipa Maas returns home from a Tupperware party suspecting her hostess had put “too much kirsch in the fondue.”

Little in Pynchon’s oeuvre, however, prepares the reader for “Shadow Ticket,” his first novel in 12 years and possibly (he is 88) his last. Alongside Émile Zola’s “The Belly of Paris,” it is perhaps Western literature’s Great Cheese Novel. (Though Pynchon often spells it “cheez.”) It’s as if he’s out to make America grate again.

Whereas Zola sang of Brie “like melancholy extinct moons” and compared a round of Gruyere to “a wheel fallen from some barbarian chariot,” Pynchon finds in the industrial production of curds and whey enough paranoia, satirical and otherwise, to power a midsize city, perhaps one in Wisconsin.

more here.

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How the Brain Balances Excitation and Inhibition

Yasemin Saplakoglu in Quanta Magazine:

From Santiago Ramón y Cajal’s hand came branches and whorls, spines and webs. Now-famous drawings by the neuroanatomist in the late 19th and early 20th centuries showed, for the first time, the distinctiveness and diversity of the fundamental building blocks of the mammalian brain that we call neurons.

In the century or so since, his successors have painstakingly worked to count, track, identify, label and categorize these cells. There is now a dizzying number of ways to put neurons in buckets, often presented in colorful, complex brain cell atlases. With such catalogs, you might organize neurons based on function by separating motor neurons that help you move from sensory neurons that help you see or number neurons that help you estimate quantities. You might distinguish them based on whether they have long axons or short ones, or whether they’re located in the hippocampus or the olfactory bulb. But the vast majority of neurons, regardless of function, form or location, fall into one of two fundamental categories: excitatory neurons that trigger other neurons to fire and inhibitory neurons that stop others from firing.

More here.

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There is no good and evil, only better and worse

Alastair Norcross in iai:

A little over fifty years ago, the philosopher Peter Singer published an article that changed the way philosophers think and talk about the morality of helping others. In it, he appealed to a hypothetical example to motivate his claims. Here’s a version of it: On our way to give a lecture, we come across a small child, drowning in a shallow pond. No one else is in sight, and the child will be dead within minutes without our help.

We all agree that we should save the child. That’s easy. A bit of mud and water on our clothes, a bit of bother finding someone to give the child to, perhaps having to miss the lecture we were about to give, perhaps even having to forgo our lecture fee. But none of that could excuse our failure to save the child. Pretty much everyone agrees with this. Why? Because pretty much everyone cares about others, at least to some extent. That is, very few people are purely egotistical. Even if we are highly self-obsessed, and some of us certainly are, we also think that others matter too. We think it would be bad if that child were to drown in the pond. And if we could save the child, especially without a great deal of sacrifice on our own part, it would be bad not to. Not just bad, we might think, but wrong too. This much is fairly uncontroversial.

More here.

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Friday Poem

A Garden of Dashes

Walking my dog in an Eden of October morning – sun golden, friendly – Greystoke sniffing his way through the perfumes of night creatures and the earlier-walked dogs – Sunday morning – streets empty – even the cars on holiday, not hurrying to work or carrying kids to school – an old man’s peace – the dog barks at a dog across the street, recognition, not challenge – a squirrel scoots along the telephone wire – my car’s dusted with the light green fall sperm of the front-yard deodoras – this morning the furnace came on for the first time since March – my house still taking care of me after forty eight years.

It is good to remember that Eden is here and now though there are snakes twined around thoughts tempting us with despair.

by Nils Peterson

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Thursday, October 2, 2025

How to Meet the Girl with Kaleidoscope Eyes

Jeannette Cooperman in The Common Reader:

Psychedelics were demonized, research was shut down, and mushrooms went underground. Their appeal lingered. I came of age at the end of the next decade, and while other drugs scared me, psilocybin always seemed like something that, someday, I might try. The prospect of a mystical state softened the sense of scary transgression, the warnings about nightmarish trips. Nibbling a magic mushroom sounded far more appealing than swallowing blotter paper soaked in acid.

Though I fancied myself Alice, no one appeared with a silver tray of ’shrooms. Years passed. Then I read about research at my own university and sat bolt upright. Emailed the principal researchers. Begged for interviews and dropped heavy hints about volunteering for their next study.

Meanwhile, maybe I could figure out the magic.

More here.

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Sean Carroll’s Mindscape Podcast: Petter Törnberg on the Dynamics of (Mis)Information

Sean Carroll at Preposterous Universe:

A characteristic of complex systems is that individual components combine to exhibit large-scale emergent behavior even when the components were not specifically designed for any particular purpose within the collective. Sometimes those individual components are us — people interacting within societies or online communities. Studying the dynamics of such interactions is interesting both to better understand what is happening, and hopefully to designing better communities. I talk with Petter Törnberg about flows of information, how polarization develops, and how artificial agents can help steer things in better directions.

More here.

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Mamdani’s New Birth of Freedom

Corey Robin at his own website:

Azra Raza with Zohran Mamdani

Zohran Mamdani is running now against Andrew Cuomo, a corrupt sexual harasser, who has been aided from the start by Donald Trump. Donald Trump is a corrupt sexual harasser who never met a law he didn’t want to break. Through pressure from Trump and Billy Ackman and a combination of real estate developers, financiers, pro-Israel forces, Cuomo is now being helped by the stepping down of Eric Adams, another corrupt politician whose bacon was saved only when Trump forced lower-tier federal prosecutors to drop the government’s corruption case against Adams in return for Adams’ helping Trump pursue his illegal and unconstitutional plan to deport immigrants.

Notice what Zohran, already blessed with so many political gifts, has going for him here. Not only is he completely untainted by corruption. He’s never broken the law. He’s as clean as a whistle.

There was a time when that wouldn’t have been remarkable. We’ve reached a moment in our political development when it is. What’s more, that steadfast legality and sense of lawfulness belongs to a democratic socialist, a critic of Israel, a man who wants to freeze the rent, make buses free and fast, childcare universal, and life in New York affordable.

More here.

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Suzanne Duchamp Gets a Museum Retrospective, Finally

Andrew Russeth at Artnet:

Duchamp did leave behind some gnomic quips—“Intrinsic value has a greater density than relative value” (I don’t know what that means)—and some crisp writing. In a poem about Crotti, she declared, “He believes in everything—accepts everything—denies everything—sells 60 cylinder cars—loses and wins—makes games and invents reasons for living.” Another intriguing fact: Her compatriots adored her. Writing under a pseudonym, Picabia declared, “Suzanne Duchamp does more intelligent things than paint.” There can be no higher praise from him.

Was Duchamp a major artist? Her work mocks such a question. She made a few stunners—Dadaist riddles—and then proceeded to do as she pleased. Today, as artists are pressured to articulate their thinking, to please the market and to perform for curators, she models a different approach. In 1926, an interviewer asked her to explain her practice. Her reply was direct: “Why does one want to explain everything?”

more here.

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