Seth Berkman in Stacker:

For much of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Black athletes were forbidden from competing as professional athletes. But trailblazers like Jackie Robinson and Althea Gibson slowly chipped away at color barriers in American sports and opened up the floodgates for today’s stars to thrive.

Stacker compiled a list of Black athletes who transformed American sports using information from professional league record books, statistical databases, museums, historical articles, and other sources. Included in this list are names you might expect like the incomparable Willie Mays, who was idolized by legends like Ted Williams but also pushed for the integration of baseball by organizing offseason traveling tours that featured Black ballplayers. Muhammad Ali’s accomplishments in the ring and his activism outside of the ropes surely earn him a spot, but there are also pugilists like Jack Johnson, who was the first Black heavyweight champion of the world. Despite his athletic prowess, Johnson was shadowed by the enforcement of arcane laws throughout most of his life.

Do you know the name of the first Black hockey player to play in the National Hockey League? What about the speed skater who made history at the 2006 Olympics, or the former track star turned bobsled Olympic medalist? We dig into those biographies and more, paying respect to figures that continue to influence American society. While this list is not exhaustive, the accomplishments of those included are sure to inspire. From overcoming diseases to segregation, learn about the legends of American sport who are responsible for the way we watch games today.

More here. (Note: In honor of Black History Month, at least one post will be devoted to its 2024  theme of “African Americans and the Arts” throughout the month of February)

Morgan Meis at Slant Books:

Robert Irwin died a few months ago. He was 95 years old, so this was not a great tragedy. I didn’t know the man personally, but I have the sense that he lived a good and fulfilled life. He was quite famous within the more or less refined corners of the international artworld. He’ll probably always be most associated with the so-called Light and Space Movement that emerged in California, more properly southern California, in the late 1960s. Judy Chicago also did important works from within the Light and Space sensibility. James Turrell. Mary Corse. If these names mean anything to you. Quite fine if they don’t.

It is hard to describe the works of Robert Irwin. A typical work by Robert Irwin is, for instance, a piece called Untitled (Acrylic Column), which is generally listed as having the dates 1969-2011. I guess that’s because he kept making and remaking the piece over those years. It’s a simple work of art. Basically it’s a free-standing column of see-through acrylic about fifteen feet high.

More here.

Benj Edwards in Ars Technica:

On Sunday, a report from the South China Morning Post revealed a significant financial loss suffered by a multinational company’s Hong Kong office, amounting to HK$200 million (US$25.6 million), due to a sophisticated scam involving deepfake technology. The scam featured a digitally recreated version of the company’s chief financial officer, along with other employees, who appeared in a video conference call instructing an employee to transfer funds.

Due to an ongoing investigation, Hong Kong police did not release details of which company was scammed.

Deepfakes utilize AI tools to create highly convincing fake videos or audio recordings, posing significant challenges for individuals and organizations to discern real from fabricated content.

More here.

Abdulrazak Gurnah in Granta:

I first came across Friedrich Schiller and his work in the aftermath of the revolution in Zanzibar in January 1964. Among the victorious insurgents was a left-leaning group called the Umma Party. There is a long tale to be told about the formation of this group and its fate. In the early 1960s, members of the Umma, right under the eyes of the British colonial administration, went off to Cuba for military training. The connection with Cuba meant that the Umma had friends and supporters in the Soviet bloc of nations. After the revolution, the group had significant influence in the new power-balance in the government. It was no doubt through the influence of the Umma faction, as well as through expediency, that the post-revolutionary government invited or accepted the fraternal assistance of the ‘socialist’ group of nations.

Our newly-created army was soon wearing Cuban-style forage caps and marching the Soviet goose-step.

More here.

Asher Mullard in Nature:

Cancer cells are the ultimate survivors, riddled with mutations that let them thrive when healthy cells would die. These same mutations can boost the ability of game-changing cell therapies to quash cancer, a study in mice shows¹.

Among these therapies are chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, which are already used to treat several types of blood cancer. The new study shows that engineered CAR T cells carrying a mutation that was first found in cancerous T cells can vanquish tumours that don’t respond to current CAR-T therapies.

“It’s a beautiful piece of work and opens the door for better CAR-T therapies in the future,” says Madeleine Duvic, a dermatologist and cancer researcher at the MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas, who was not involved in the work.

“Natural T-cell function isn’t good enough. We need to explore the extremes of T-cell function,” says Kole Roybal, an immunologist at the University of California, San Francisco, and co-author of the new paper. What better place to start than with the mutations that turn healthy T cells into hardier, cancerous ones?

More here.

From EssayService:

On this page, you will be introduced to 15 black authors that will have their names forever ingrained in history and their books read by millions worldwide.

ZORA NEALE HURSTON THEIR EYES WERE WATCHING GOD: THE BELOVED CLASSIC

Their Eyes Were Watching God is a classic of the Harlem Renaissance and Hurston’s best work. The central character is a teenage girl “with her finger on the trigger of her own destiny.” Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston explores gender roles, oppression faced by Black women, and their own struggle for independence.

SWEAT BY ZORA NEALE HURSTON: SHORT STORY

Sweat is one of her most famous short stories, a work of fiction depicting the life of a washerwoman Delia and her unemployed husband Sykes. The story uncovers the emotional and psychological consequences of an abusive relationship. Delia goes through struggles to discover her strength and freedom in independence from men.

More here. (Note: In honor of Black History Month, at least one post will be devoted to its 2024  theme of “African Americans and the Arts” throughout the month of February)

Late October Camping in the Sawtooths

Sunlight climbs the snowpeak
…….. glowing pale red
Cold sinks into the gorge
…….. shadows merge.
Building a fire of pine twigs
…….. at the foot of a cliff.
Drinking hot tea from a tin cup
…….. in the chill air—
Pull on a sweater and roll a smoke.
…….. a leaf
…….. beyond fire
Sparkles with nightfall frost.

by Gary Snyder
from A Book of Luminous Things
Harvest Books, 1996

Richard Hughes Gibson at The Hedgehog Review:

Generative artificial intelligence is a headspace and a technology—as much an event playing out in our minds as it is a material reality emerging at our fingertips. Fast and fluent, AI writing and image-making machines inspire in us visions of doomsday or a radiant posthuman future. They raise existential questions about themselves and ourselves. And, not least, they should lead us to reconsider certain neglected thinkers of recent intellectual history.

Consider a few of the bolder claims made by experts. Two years ago, Blaise Agüera y Arcas, vice president of Google Research, had already declared the end of the animal kingdom’s monopoly on language on the strength of Google’s experiments with large language models. LLMs, he argued, “illustrate for the first time the way that language understanding and intelligence can be dissociated from all the embodied and emotional characteristics we share with each other and with many other animals.”¹ In a similar vein, the Stanford University computer scientist Christopher Manning has argued that if “meaning” constitutes “understanding of the network of connections between linguistic form and other things,” be they “objects in the world or other linguistic forms,” then “there can be no doubt” that LLMs can “learn meanings.”

more here.

Rosa Lyster at The Paris Review:

Here is Norman Mailer in his fine black boots, high-cut and shiny and very snug on the ankle, like something you might pick out if you were the prop master for an expensive production of Richard III. Sweating a bit under the TV lights, he seems to be doing an imitation of a scowl, as if to gesture toward his reputation as a guy who goes around scowling. He sits angled toward the host, Dick Cavett, who bends slightly away from him, as do the other two guests. One of them is Gore Vidal. Like Mailer, Vidal is doing an impersonation of himself. He strikes various languorous attitudes as the camera begins to roll, reclining deeper into his chair as Mailer leans forward, toying idly with his glasses and smiling as Mailer yaps and bares his teeth. A cat and a dog.

Compared to these two, both positively radiant with the excitement of showing off, the third guest seems to have been invited on by mistake. She is, basically, an old lady.

more here.

Melanie Ho in the Asian Review of Books:

It’s the Australian Mystery Writers’ Festival and debut author Ernest Cunningham is one of the participating writers. Cunningham arrives at the festival—hosted on the Ghan, the famous train that goes from Darwin to Adelaide—following the publication of his memoir Everyone in My Family Has Killed Someone (also, the title of author Benjamin Stevenson’s novel that first introduces Cunningham) and is, having signed a six-figure advance, now stuck trying to find an idea for a novel. 

He’s not stuck much longer. Soon there’s a murder on the train, and with all the festival participants and guests stuck on the Ghan, Cunningham gets to work to solve the murder and get the material he needs for his next book. As Cunningham narrates:

Seven writers board a train. At the end of the line, five will leave it alive. One will be in cuffs.

Everyone on This Train Is a Suspect is Stevenson’s pacey and entertaining follow-up to his first Cunningham novel. While Stevenson, via Cunningham, notes that all of the conventions of the genre will be followed, Stevenson breaks the fourth wall from the opening page and maintains his meta, direct-to-audience style throughout. Early in the novel Cunningham introduces his structural notes for when certain events need to have occurred, including that by 10,000 words the characters, victims and suspects need to be introduced.

More here.

Michael Le Page in New Scientist:

In the past decade, five tropical storms had wind speeds so high that they should have been classified as “category 6” storms, according to an analysis that suggests the hurricane scale may need to be updated as rising temperatures fuel stronger storms.

If carbon emissions continue at current rates, we might even see “category 7” storms.  “It certainly is theoretically possible if we keep warming the planet,” says climate scientist James Kossin at the First Street Foundation, a non-profit research organisation in New York.

Officially, there is no such thing as a category 6 or category 7 hurricane. According to the Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale used by the National Hurricane Center (NHC) in the US, any storm with sustained wind speeds of 252 kilometres per hour and over is a category 5.

But as the wind speeds of the strongest storms get faster, the use of this scale is increasingly problematic, say Kossin and his colleague Michael Wehner at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California, as it doesn’t convey the increasing risks posed by ever stronger storms.

More here.

Aluf Benn in Foreign Affairs:

One bright day in April 1956, Moshe Dayan, the one-eyed chief of staff of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), drove south to Nahal Oz, a recently established kibbutz near the border of the Gaza Strip. Dayan came to attend the funeral of 21-year-old Roi Rotberg, who had been murdered the previous morning by Palestinians while he was patrolling the fields on horseback. The killers dragged Rotberg’s body to the other side of the border, where it was found mutilated, its eyes poked out. The result was nationwide shock and agony.

If Dayan had been speaking in modern-day Israel, he would have used his eulogy largely to blast the horrible cruelty of Rotberg’s killers. But as framed in the 1950s, his speech was remarkably sympathetic toward the perpetrators. “Let us not cast blame on the murderers,’’ Dayan said. “For eight years, they have been sitting in the refugee camps in Gaza, and before their eyes we have been transforming the lands and the villages where they and their fathers dwelt into our estate.”

More here.

Henry Oliver in The Common Reader:

Here are four ideas I have long nurtured as suspicions for what makes the most productive people quite so successful, inspired by a recent conversation I had that I’m hoping to bring to you soon. Many people will have aspects of more than one of these criteria—Beethoven, for example.

1. 1. Instability. Think of the most prolific writers—D.H. Lawrence (seventy-five volumes), Charles Dickens (thirty volumes), Samuel Johnson (twenty-three volumes, plus a whole dictionary and edition of Shakespeare)—and you think of people who are, in some way, mentally unsettled. The recent Joyce Carol Oates profile reinforced this to me. And I learned that Gwern thinks partial mood disorder is behind some people’s productivity.
   2. Death (and God). John Stuart Mill (thirty-three volumes) was spurred into the late work (On Liberty, Autobiography, Subjection, &c.) by a death scare in 1854. He wrote in his diary that the night cometh when no man can work, a bible quotation which Johnson once had carved on his watch. The most prolific composer, J.S. Bach, might not have been unstable (who knows?), but he wrote for God, and the Lutheran church emphasises preparing for death. Michelangelo was always working to the glory of God, preparing his soul (factor in his work running the building site at St. Peters and he gets way more productive: that building wouldn’t exist without his project management). Montaigne wrote his essays because he was running out of time.

More here.

Ayanna Dozier in Artsy:

In honor of Black History Month, Artsy is featuring the work of 28 Black artists who are not as widely known or celebrated as some of their historical or contemporary peers. This list is meant to shine a light on artists who have prominence within institutions, but are often excluded from mainstream conversations meant to amplify overlooked Black artists or canonize them as leading figures of art history.

Of course, Alma Thomas, Jack Whitten, Sam Gilliam, and Frank Bowling are well-deserved citations of the early Black abstractionists, but lesser known to that history, broadly speaking, are Lilian Thomas Burwell, Evangeline “EJ” Montgomery, and Deborah Dancey. While contemporary artists like Kerry James Marshall, Betye Saar, and Faith Ringgold are the founding leaders of contemporary figurative painting and printmaking, the contributions of artists like Malcolm Bailey, Charles Alston, and Camille Billops may not be as widely discussed. We hope this will serve as an introduction to, rather than a comprehensive list of, Black artists whose legacies deserve to be cemented in art history and public consciousness. Here are 28 need-to-know Black artists from the 20th and 21st centuries.

More here. (Note: In honor of Black History Month, at least one post will be devoted to its 2024  theme of “African Americans and the Arts” throughout the month of February)

View With A Grain of Sand

We call it a grain of sand
but it calls itself neither grain nor sand.
It does just fine without a name,
whether general, particular,
permanent, passing,
incorrect or apt.

Our glance, our touch mean nothing to it.
It doesn’t feel itself seen or touched.
And that it fell on the windowsill
is only our experience, not its.
For it is no different than falling on anything else
with no assurance that it’s finished falling
or that it’s falling still.

The window has a wonderful view of a lake
but the view doesn’t view itself.
It exists in this world
colorless, shapeless,
soundless, odorless, and painless.

The lakes floor exists floorlessly
and its shore exists shorelessly.
Its water feels itself neither wet nor dry
and its waves to themselves are neither singular nor plural.
They splash deaf to their own noise
on pebbles neither large nor small.

And all this beneath a sky by nature skyless
in which the sun sets without setting at all
and hides without hiding behind an unminding cloud.
The wind ruffles it, its only reason being
that it blows.

A second passes.
A second second.
A third.
But they’re three seconds only for us..

Time has passed like a courier with urgent news.
But that’s just our simile.
The character’s invented, his haste is make-believe,
his news inhuman.

by Wislawa Szymborska
from A Book of Luminous Things
Harvest Books, 1996

Ilya Kaminsky at Asymptote:

I have a friend who, before she ran from Kyiv as Russia bombarded the city in early 2022, spent weeks shivering in the bomb shelters as the city was shelled.

At first, she first recited poems by heart, and then she began to translate the poems she remembered.

That is how she got through the hours.

Who is to tell me after this that poetry doesn’t matter?

Opening Dante’s Inferno enrolls the reader in a millennium-long class in surviving hell with poetry, through music, imagery, and poetry’s willingness to look without flinching at the details of both terror and wonder: in a strange way, this book is a call to courage.

more here (via The Book Haven).