[{"id":311168,"date":"2026-09-10T14:45:41","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T18:45:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/?p=311168"},"modified":"2026-09-10T07:53:03","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T11:53:03","slug":"emily-wilson-in-conversation-with-leanne-ogasawara","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/3quarksdaily\/2026\/09\/emily-wilson-in-conversation-with-leanne-ogasawara.html","title":{"rendered":"Emily Wilson In Conversation with Leanne Ogasawara"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Leanne Ogasawara at <em>Literary Hub<\/em>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-311169\" src=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Screenshot-2026-09-10-135149-360x263.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"263\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Screenshot-2026-09-10-135149-360x263.png 360w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Screenshot-2026-09-10-135149-1024x747.png 1024w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Screenshot-2026-09-10-135149-768x561.png 768w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Screenshot-2026-09-10-135149-1536x1121.png 1536w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Screenshot-2026-09-10-135149-300x219.png 300w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Screenshot-2026-09-10-135149.png 1640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/>One of the most celebrated classicists writing today, Emily Wilson achieved a rare kind of literary stardom in 2017, when her translation of Homer\u2019s\u00a0<i>Odyssey<\/i>\u00a0made her the first woman to publish a complete English version of the epic. Her work, which spans Sophocles, Euripides, and Seneca as well as Homer, is known for its rigorous commitment to traditional meter and its startling clarity.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Increasingly a public figure as well as a scholar, Wilson found herself at the center of the cultural conversation again this year when Christopher Nolan cited her famous opening line as an important influence on his own conception of Odysseus, only for Wilson later to publish a sharply critical review of the finished film.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Like a lot of people, I was greatly looking forward to reading her new essay collection,\u00a0<a class=\"external\" href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/132\/9781324099406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Crossing the Wine-Dark Sea: Journeys Through Ancient Literature<\/i><\/a>, which will be out in the US this September from Liveright. As a translator myself, I was especially eager to talk with her about the choices that make translation such an endlessly provisional art: what to preserve, what must inevitably be lost, and how to make an ancient world intelligible without losing the strangeness of it.<\/p>\n<p>More <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/emily-wilson-talks-complicated-men-celebrating-strangeness-and-why-there-is-always-another-way-to-say-it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by <a href=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/support-3qd\">donating now<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Leanne Ogasawara at Literary Hub: One of the most celebrated classicists writing today, Emily Wilson achieved a rare kind of literary stardom in 2017, when her translation of Homer\u2019s\u00a0Odyssey\u00a0made her the first woman to publish a complete English version of the epic. Her work, which spans Sophocles, Euripides, and Seneca as well as Homer, is&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5918],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-311168","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-recommended-reading","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311168","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=311168"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311168\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":311171,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311168\/revisions\/311171"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=311168"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=311168"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=311168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":311164,"date":"2026-09-10T13:45:44","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T17:45:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/?p=311164"},"modified":"2026-09-10T07:47:57","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T11:47:57","slug":"why-is-there-controversy-around-openais-millennium-prize-maths-breakthrough","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/3quarksdaily\/2026\/09\/why-is-there-controversy-around-openais-millennium-prize-maths-breakthrough.html","title":{"rendered":"Why is there controversy around OpenAI\u2019s Millennium Prize maths breakthrough?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Matthew Sparkes at <em>New Scientist<\/em>:<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-311165\" src=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/SEI_311491782-360x240.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/SEI_311491782-360x240.png 360w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/SEI_311491782-768x511.png 768w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/SEI_311491782-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/SEI_311491782.png 837w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/>The controversy arose because, shortly before OpenAI released its news, a pair of researchers,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/cims.nyu.edu\/~tristanb\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tristan Buckmaster<\/a>\u00a0at New York University\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/alpo.ge\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Levent Alp\u00f6ge<\/a>\u00a0at AI company Anthropic,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newscientist.com\/article\/2588115-major-breakthrough-made-on-famous-millennium-maths-problem\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rushed out their solution to a close cousin of Navier-Stokes<\/a>, the Euler equations, which experts suggested could open the door to a full solution.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Those researchers heard rumours that OpenAI was due to make its announcement, and contacted the company for clarification \u2013 knowing its own solution was on the way. Buckmaster\u00a0claims he was met with opaque responses, and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/cims.nyu.edu\/~tristanb\/statement.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">put out a statement<\/a>\u00a0that stopped short\u00a0of making any accusations but pointed out that his own work was being stored on OpenAI\u2019s servers \u2013 as a customer, not a research partner.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">OpenAI has explicitly denied any wrongdoing, pointing out that no person or AI from the company had seen Buckmaster and Alp\u00f6ge\u2019s work, and that its solution was, in any case, different.<\/p>\n<p>More <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newscientist.com\/article\/2588288-why-is-there-controversy-around-openais-millennium-prize-maths-breakthrough\/?utm_campaign=RSS%7CNSNS&amp;utm_content=home&amp;utm_medium=RSS&amp;utm_source=NSNS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by <a href=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/support-3qd\">donating now<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Matthew Sparkes at New Scientist: The controversy arose because, shortly before OpenAI released its news, a pair of researchers,\u00a0Tristan Buckmaster\u00a0at New York University\u00a0and\u00a0Levent Alp\u00f6ge\u00a0at AI company Anthropic,\u00a0rushed out their solution to a close cousin of Navier-Stokes, the Euler equations, which experts suggested could open the door to a full solution. Those researchers heard rumours that&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5918],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-311164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-recommended-reading","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311164","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=311164"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311164\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":311167,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311164\/revisions\/311167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=311164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=311164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=311164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":311162,"date":"2026-09-10T12:45:50","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T16:45:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/?p=311162"},"modified":"2026-09-10T07:41:38","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T11:41:38","slug":"sabine-hossenfelder-ai-solved-a-millennium-problem-and-everyones-angry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/3quarksdaily\/2026\/09\/sabine-hossenfelder-ai-solved-a-millennium-problem-and-everyones-angry.html","title":{"rendered":"Sabine Hossenfelder: AI Solved a Millennium Problem and Everyone&#8217;s Angry"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/eR2q8s4VB1w?si=VSu5Ap35qGVTp1q_\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by <a href=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/support-3qd\">donating now<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ufeff Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5918],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-311162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-recommended-reading","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311162","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=311162"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311162\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":311163,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311162\/revisions\/311163"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=311162"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=311162"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=311162"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":311159,"date":"2026-09-10T11:45:04","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T15:45:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/?p=311159"},"modified":"2026-09-10T07:24:11","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T11:24:11","slug":"openai-claims-huge-maths-breakthrough-on-a-famed-millennium-problem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/3quarksdaily\/2026\/09\/openai-claims-huge-maths-breakthrough-on-a-famed-millennium-problem.html","title":{"rendered":"OpenAI claims huge maths breakthrough on a famed \u2018Millennium Problem\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Davide Castelvecchi in <em>Nature<\/em>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-311160\" src=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/d41586-026-02842-5_53685262-360x257.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"257\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/d41586-026-02842-5_53685262-360x257.png 360w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/d41586-026-02842-5_53685262-300x214.png 300w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/d41586-026-02842-5_53685262.png 767w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/>For the first time, a truly major open problem in mathematics has been solved by a computer, according to OpenAI, which\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/openai.com\/index\/navier-stokes-solution\/\" data-track=\"click\" data-label=\"https:\/\/openai.com\/index\/navier-stokes-solution\/\" data-track-category=\"body text link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">says it has cracked<\/a>\u00a0one of the Millennium Problems, related to the motion of fluids.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">The artificial-intelligence company in San Francisco, California, announced on 8 September that it has generated a solution to the most commonly used physical model of fluids \u2014 the Navier\u2013Stokes equations \u2014 showing that they can break down. Whether this could happen was one of the seven Millennium Prize Problems selected by the Clay Mathematics Institute in Denver, Colorado, at the turn of the twenty-first century. Solutions to the puzzles, considered some of the thorniest in mathematics, come with a prize of US$1 million. OpenAI posted a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.openai.com\/pdf\/32d9f210-8b73-45e0-91bc-82a30aef8a9a\/navier-stokes.pdf\" data-track=\"click\" data-label=\"https:\/\/cdn.openai.com\/pdf\/32d9f210-8b73-45e0-91bc-82a30aef8a9a\/navier-stokes.pdf\" data-track-category=\"body text link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">preprint describing the result<\/a>\u00a0on its website.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u201cIt is certainly an exciting day, as we contemplate the announcement of major advances in the human understanding of mathematics,\u201d says mathematician Martin Bridson, president of the Clay Mathematics Institute.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">The puzzle is known as the Navier\u2013Stokes existence and smoothness problem.<\/p>\n<p>More <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-026-02842-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by <a href=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/support-3qd\">donating now<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Davide Castelvecchi in Nature: For the first time, a truly major open problem in mathematics has been solved by a computer, according to OpenAI, which\u00a0says it has cracked\u00a0one of the Millennium Problems, related to the motion of fluids. The artificial-intelligence company in San Francisco, California, announced on 8 September that it has generated a solution&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5918],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-311159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-recommended-reading","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311159","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=311159"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311159\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":311161,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311159\/revisions\/311161"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=311159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=311159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=311159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":311172,"date":"2026-09-10T08:28:14","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T12:28:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/?p=311172"},"modified":"2026-09-10T08:28:14","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T12:28:14","slug":"thursday-poem-529","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/3quarksdaily\/2026\/09\/thursday-poem-529.html","title":{"rendered":"Thursday Poem"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"padding-left: 40px\">Museum<\/h2>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Here are plates but no appetite.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">And wedding rings, but the requited love<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">has been gone now for some three hundred years.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Here\u2019s a fan\u2014where is the maiden\u2019s blush?<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Here are swords\u2014where is the ire?<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nor will the lute sound at the twilight hour.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Since eternity was out of stock,<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">ten thousand aging things have been amassed instead.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The moss-grown guard in golden slumber<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">props his mustache on Exhibit Number . . .<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Eight. Metals, clay and feathers celebrate<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">their silent triumphs over dates.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Only some Egyptian flapper\u2019s silly hairpin giggles.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The crown has outlasted the head.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The hand has lost out to the glove.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The right shoe has defeated the foot.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">As for me, I am still alive, you see.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The battle with my dress still rages on.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It struggles, foolish thing, so stubbornly!<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Determined to keep living when I\u2019m gone!<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">by Wislawa Szymborska<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">from <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">View With a Grain of Sand<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Harper Collins, 1995<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/support-3qd\">donating now<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Museum Here are plates but no appetite. And wedding rings, but the requited love has been gone now for some three hundred years. Here\u2019s a fan\u2014where is the maiden\u2019s blush? Here are swords\u2014where is the ire? Nor will the lute sound at the twilight hour. Since eternity was out of stock, ten thousand aging things&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5918],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-311172","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-recommended-reading","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311172","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/36"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=311172"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311172\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":311175,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311172\/revisions\/311175"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=311172"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=311172"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=311172"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":310799,"date":"2026-09-10T06:00:24","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T10:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/?p=310799"},"modified":"2026-09-07T02:14:57","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T06:14:57","slug":"hyena-ethics-when-harming-others-feels-righteous-and-pleasing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/3quarksdaily\/2026\/09\/hyena-ethics-when-harming-others-feels-righteous-and-pleasing.html","title":{"rendered":"Hyena Ethics: When Harming Others Feels Righteous and Pleasing"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>by Daniel Gauss<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_310801\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-310801\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-310801\" src=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/pexels-balazsimon-15994103-360x240.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/pexels-balazsimon-15994103-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/pexels-balazsimon-15994103-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/pexels-balazsimon-15994103-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/pexels-balazsimon-15994103-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/pexels-balazsimon-15994103-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-310801\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Free image from Pexels: courtesy Balasz Simon<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em>Metaphorically, if hippo ethics is the impulse to respond to suffering with compassion, hyena ethics is the impulse to enjoy, justify or morally authorize suffering.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Harm toward another person has been morally justified when it is an act of deterrence and this is, in fact, a rationale for legal punishment. By punishing individual wrong doers, we feel we can reduce the degree of harmful behavior in our society as others may be restrained from similar behavior if they know punishment will follow. We feel that limited harm may prevent greater harm, and it is harm inflicted out of necessity, not out of glee.<\/p>\n<p>There is, however, another type of harm which is much darker and more sinister. It is harm we inflict because it gives us a sense of personal satisfaction and even pleasure, and it is often confused with moral action. This type of harm is so commonplace that it is often not questioned or challenged. It is at the core of much unnecessary human suffering on a personal, societal and international scale.<\/p>\n<p>It is the harm we cause because we feel the other \u201cdeserves\u201d it purely because the person is different from us, has upset us and\/or we simply enjoy the idea of harming them because we no longer see that person as a human being deserving of our respect or kindness.<\/p>\n<p>What makes this act of harm so insidious is that many of us do not even recognize the irrational impulse behind it, because, in part, it is couched in neuro-chemicals that \u201chide\u201d it from our moral investigation and make it seem unquestioningly right. It is harm which is morally wrong but which feels right to us. We harm others thinking we have every right to, when, upon closer inspection, we do not. We want to hurt the person we consider to be a bad guy, but it turns out that we are the bad guy.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hippo vs. Hyena Ethics<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In an earlier <a href=\"https:\/\/goodmenproject.com\/featured-content\/our-hippopotamus-ethics-kpkn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">essay<\/a>, I got creative and described \u201chippo ethics\u201d as the moral response we experience when we observe another being suffering: the feeling of \u201cpain for pain.\u201d Locke, Hume and Adam Smith all wrote about this \u201cmoral sentiment\u201d &#8211; that when we see another in pain, we often feel a type of pain ourselves\u2026not the same pain, but pain nonetheless and often strong enough pain to push us to take action to help others.<\/p>\n<p>Before ethics became a system of principles, laws or philosophical arguments, it may have begun as something more emotional and immediate. We see another being in distress, and the distress engages us so that we are moved to help.<\/p>\n<p>The hippo became my humorous metaphor for this response due to videos showing that when a crocodile attacks a baby gazelle, a hippo will often charge into the scene and drive the predator away. We cannot really know whether the hippo is acting from this pain-for-pain compassion, territorial aggression, parental instinct or sensitivity to distress signals, still, I felt the image was suggestive enough for at least a metaphor.<\/p>\n<p>The hippo appears to see suffering and responds to it without reflection, ideology or calculation. I felt it could symbolically represent a type of moral reflex. Symbols for processes of our inner world are important as they can bring these processes into greater conscious focus.<\/p>\n<p>Yet, the person who might ordinarily recoil from causing suffering, or who might be moved to take action to help someone who is suffering, can also quite easily choose to initiate suffering, rationalize it as \u201cright\u201d or even take pleasure in it and this is what I mean by my metaphor of hyena ethics. This is much more common than we think, many of us do it without being aware of it and it is a root cause of evil in the world. Some of us may have suffered from people who felt they had the right to hurt us due to personal animosity born of difference or because we were not in their \u201cin group.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>A metaphor for this impulse may help us recognize it more easily and resist its temptation. Anyone interested in rising morally has to be able to recognize this impulse and address it. It is an impulse toward harming others which (biochemically) hides itself behind a smile, in-group approval and a feeling of moral accomplishment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Harm and Its Justifications<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-310800 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Copilot_20260819_174609-360x360.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Copilot_20260819_174609-360x360.png 360w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Copilot_20260819_174609-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Copilot_20260819_174609-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Copilot_20260819_174609-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Copilot_20260819_174609.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/>Hyena ethics, as a metaphor, is a type of harm that does not aim to deter. In fact, it happens for selfish and self-gratifying reasons as it seeks the satisfaction of another person we don\u2019t like suffering. I chose the hyena as a metaphor for this impulse because it often seems, in popular culture, to take glee in the suffering of another animal it attacks, so I chose the hyena not for biological accuracy but for its cultural symbolism.<\/p>\n<p>In the human imagination it seems to laugh and delight at the scene of a kill, enjoying a cruelty that has become emotionally self-rewarding. In my metaphor the hyena represents a type of moral self-deception that goads people on to hurting others instead of understanding, embracing or forgiving others. It means choosing hate and causing harm, when we don\u2019t have to and then calling it \u201cright.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>It is the \u201cYou don\u2019t like him, so you have the right to hurt him!\u201d response. It is the \u201cGood idea! He deserves it!\u201d response. Our neurochemistry almost makes it seem as if a god, itself, is speaking to us directly and telling us, \u201cGo ahead, hurt that person, it\u2019s OK, really.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>By falling into this moral trap, a person is literally following an inner command without questioning it, and one is no longer in control, but being controlled. Anyone who aims for personal freedom should be concerned about this emotional state. It feels so good to harm a person this way, but one is merely following something, because one does not understand or will not resist it.<\/p>\n<p>The impulse feels external, authoritative and righteous, so ancient humans may have even (just speculating out loud here), interpreted it as divine instruction\u2026neurochemistry masquerading as revelation. One has to wonder whether, in ancient times, they really, literally thought this impulse <em>was<\/em> the voice of something divine when gods told humans to hurt each other. \u201cThey are not like you, so you may take their land! Wipe this group from the face of the earth!\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps throughout history we repeatedly followed this impulse instead of wondering why an impulse or god would encourage us toward killing and theft. Some cultures have believed that gods commanded or endorsed violence, but we may have been listening to neurochemistry and attributing it to a god.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Moral Disguise<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>So, for now, the distinction I want to make in regard to harming another is between harm understood as an unfortunate means of social protection pursued out of necessity and harm desired as a self-gratifying end in itself. There is harm to deter and there is harm for glee. One is right, one only feels right. We regularly engage in harm for glee, personally and as a society, and do not even realize how wrong it is.<\/p>\n<p>Hyena ethics is particularly dangerous because it rarely presents itself as malicious pettiness. The person who wishes harm upon another does not say, \u201cI am being petty and malicious.\u201d Instead, he says, \u201cThat person deserves it. I am right to hurt that person merely because I do not like him.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>They feel they have a moral right to harm which is reinforced by the joy they feel upon harming which is a moral disguise of cruelty. The desire for another\u2019s suffering is converted into a judgment about the other\u2019s worthiness. The target is no longer someone who is being harmed, they are someone to whom harm is supposedly owed.<\/p>\n<p>The pleasure and self\u2011deception become difficult to detect because they hide inside the language of justice and the neurochemistry that rewards aggression and makes it feel \u201cright\u201d. A person may delight in humiliation while calling it accountability or enjoy exclusion while calling it protection or celebrate collective punishment while calling it security.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_310802\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-310802\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-310802\" src=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/pexels-antonio-lorenzana-bermejo-353570724-14423533-1-360x345.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"345\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/pexels-antonio-lorenzana-bermejo-353570724-14423533-1-360x345.jpg 360w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/pexels-antonio-lorenzana-bermejo-353570724-14423533-1-300x287.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/pexels-antonio-lorenzana-bermejo-353570724-14423533-1.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-310802\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Free image from Pexels: courtesy of<br \/>Antonio Lorenzana Bermejo<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>One may feel exhilaration at the destruction of a private enemy who offended the aggressor or maliciously attack an out-group enemy while insisting they are merely defending a culture or civilization. It works on a micro and macro level.<\/p>\n<p>The crucial question is not whether the target has done something wrong, because this is not about deterrence. The question is why the moral aggressor is doing this, cannot recognize they are doing this and why we do not denounce this self-deceptive motivation toward evil action under the guise of morality more often.<\/p>\n<p>Moral judgment no longer asks, \u201cWhat response is necessary, proportionate and humane?\u201d It asks, \u201cHow much suffering can we inflict before others call us reprehensible?\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Collapse of Empathy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In the earlier essay, I described \u201cdemonization\u201d as the kryptonite of the ethical superpower I called hippo ethics. Empathy is often activated when we perceive another being\u2019s pain, but it is fragile. It can be over-ridden by a distinction of race, nationality, religion, political affiliation, class, gender, ideology, appearance, behavior\u2026even a rival sports team. Yes, there is research specifically involving sports rivals, showing reduced empathy-related brain activity and increased reward-related activity when sports rivals suffer.<\/p>\n<p>Recently a baseball fan in Chicago verbally attacked a player from \u201cthe other\u201d team. She felt she had the right to dehumanize him, spew hatred at him and enjoy this. The player then retaliated using much more vulgar language, following the common trend of hyena ethics as a mutually escalating cycle of dehumanization. Later, during an interview, she stated that she came to the ball park specifically to spew hate at this player\u2026a guy she had never even met.<\/p>\n<p>A person who looks like \u201cone of us\u201d remains emotionally understandable and their suffering can be imagined. Once they are recategorized as \u201cone of them,\u201d the emotional response begins to fail. The inner monologue may be as simple as: \u201cHe is not one of us. Let\u2019s hurt him.\u201d At this moment, metaphorically, the hippo inside us becomes a hyena.<\/p>\n<p>The aggressor might think, \u201cHe is an idiot. He is wrong. He is arrogant. He does not like me. He wants to hurt me. He thinks he\u2019s better than I am. He isn\u2019t cool like the rest of us.\u201d It takes, in fact, very little for us to begin the demonization process of making a person a target. Demonization kills empathy and welcomes malice. Most importantly, it makes the hatred and the malice feel good and right, even righteous. The most frightening feature of this process is how ordinary it is.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Hidden Impulse<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hyena ethics is difficult to resist because the impulse often feels like the right thing to do. If I am acting from greed, jealousy or resentment, I may be able to recognize this. These emotions are socially categorized as wrong. But what if I experience the impulse to harm as righteous and most people in my society feel the same way? What if cruelty feels like self-protection, courage, justice or moral truth? This is the big problem, in fact.<\/p>\n<p>This is the trickiest ethical problem: how do we resist an impulse toward harm that assures us it is right and makes us feel good to indulge in it? Perhaps we can think, \u201cDo I want accountability, or do I want humiliation? Am I avoiding an opportunity for communication and resolution for the easy act of harm? Would I accept the same treatment if identities were reversed? Do I still recognize this person as a person?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>A useful warning sign is the disappearance of limits. Hyena ethics has no natural stopping point because the suffering is rewarding and leads to reinforcing loops. It can move from punishment to degradation, from degradation to dehumanization and from dehumanization to severe, gleeful harm.<\/p>\n<p>Another warning sign is the inability to imagine the target\u2019s pain. When the suffering of others, even in minor social situations, becomes funny, deserved, invisible or irrelevant, the moral faculty has gone silent.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Biology Without Ethics<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Why does this impulse exist? Biology is interested in survival, not ethics and does not care whether an impulse is fair, it cares whether the impulse increases the likelihood of survival.<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps evolution rewarded organisms that could distinguish between \u201cus\u201d and \u201cthem,\u201d and could mobilize aggression when facing a perceived threat, thus the nervous system became geared to protect the organism and its group. The unfamiliar could trigger defensive hostility which became tied to reward circuits in our brains. What began as a survival mechanism gradually may have become a source of pleasure and a distorted form of ethics which can be misused.<\/p>\n<p>There is research which shows that when someone is categorized as an outsider, empathy decreases and aggression increases. Studies show reduced medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity toward \u201cdehumanized\u201d outgroups, meaning less mentalizing, less social cognition. At the same time, amygdala and insula responses increase, reflecting heightened threat and disgust.<\/p>\n<p>So the amygdala becomes more reactive, the prefrontal cortex less engaged, and the reward system lights up when the outsider is harmed. The suffering of the other becomes neurologically coded as a victory, not something pitiable. This is apparently why cruelty can feel righteous even when it is not.<\/p>\n<p>The pleasure generated becomes a counterfeit form of ethical confidence. The person feels certain he is right because his body rewards him for harming someone he has already categorized as \u201cother\u201d or \u201cunlikeable\u201d. This is why hyena ethics is so difficult to detect, it feels like virtue, but it is simply biology without ethics. Perhaps ethical development really begins when we notice this reflex and question it.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Micro and Macro Hyenas<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hyena ethics operates both interpersonally and historically. At the micro level, it can appear in an individual\u2019s causing or delight at a co-worker\u2019s embarrassment, failure, punishment or social exclusion. It appears in the celebration of another\u2019s misfortune and in the transformation of disagreement into a desire to harm.<\/p>\n<p>At the macro level, the same impulse can be seen in political leaders, media outlets, militaries and mass movements which teach people to regard an entire population as despicable and worthy of abuse. At this level individuals no longer need to experience themselves as cruel as they falsely feel they are doing the right thing.<\/p>\n<p>The attempted extermination and dispossession of indigenous groups in North America, the system of chattel slavery and the deliberate targeting of civilian populations in wartime all demonstrate how hyena ethics can convert human beings into permitted objects of horrific suffering. The statement \u201cThey are not like us, thus inferior to us\u2026\u201d is often the precondition for \u201c\u2026therefore anything may be done to them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Resisting the License<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Because hyena ethics can feel joyful and righteous, we might need outside eyes to help establish restraint. We need to identify when this impulse is at work and apply social pressure denouncing it.<\/p>\n<p>Society should insist on proportionality, due process, individual responsibility, civilian protection and the preservation of human dignity even when a person has committed wrongdoing. These can be external safeguards against the pleasure of cruelty. Laws and norms must protect people when ordinary sympathy fails. If someone else\u2019s pain feels gratifying, we should distrust the moral explanation we have for that pleasure.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Highest Moral Accomplishment<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_310805\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-310805\" style=\"width: 240px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-310805\" src=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Copilot_20260903_015051-240x360.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Copilot_20260903_015051-240x360.png 240w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Copilot_20260903_015051-683x1024.png 683w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Copilot_20260903_015051-768x1152.png 768w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Copilot_20260903_015051-200x300.png 200w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Copilot_20260903_015051.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-310805\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Both AI images created by Copilot<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The highest moral accomplishment may be recognizing that which is inside of us that tries to make itself unrecognizable, and which rewards us to harm others for glee and not deterrence. We should be able to say: \u201cI feel the desire to hurt this person, but the desire itself does not give me the right to hurt him.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Hippo ethics begins with the perception of suffering. Hyena ethics begins when that perception is interrupted by demonization and transformed into delight. The first says, \u201cSomeone is in pain, and I must respond.\u201d The second says, \u201cSomeone is in pain, and I am glad.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>We should be suspicious whenever cruelty arrives disguised as righteousness, whenever punishment becomes entertainment and whenever a person\u2019s identity is treated as a reason to hurt them. The next time something inside you tells you it is ok to \u201c\u2026harm another, he is a rotten guy and he deserves it,\u201d you might question that. The next time a politician demonizes an entire population and says we must deport or attack or destroy them, please question where that sentiment comes from.<\/p>\n<p>We have a choice and it affects others and leads to whether our lives will have dignity, meaning and value or whether we will wallow in hate and pettiness without even recognizing how harmful we are. Examine, resist, love\u2026even your enemy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by <a href=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/support-3qd\">donating now<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>by Daniel Gauss Metaphorically, if hippo ethics is the impulse to respond to suffering with compassion, hyena ethics is the impulse to enjoy, justify or morally authorize suffering. Harm toward another person has been morally justified when it is an act of deterrence and this is, in fact, a rationale for legal punishment. By punishing&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1824,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3260],"tags":[3463,7251,2693,7252,7248,3387,7254,1439,2938,7244,7245,4632,7250,7246,7249,646,7253,7247],"class_list":["post-310799","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mondaymagazine","tag-adam-smith","tag-cruelty","tag-david-hume","tag-demonization","tag-deterrence","tag-empathy","tag-ethical-superpower","tag-ethics","tag-harm","tag-hippopotomus-ethics","tag-hyena-ethics","tag-john-locke","tag-moral-disguise","tag-moral-sentiment","tag-moral-trap","tag-morality","tag-out-group","tag-root-evil","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/310799","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1824"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=310799"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/310799\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":311029,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/310799\/revisions\/311029"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=310799"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=310799"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=310799"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":311154,"date":"2026-09-10T05:26:44","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T09:26:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/?p=311154"},"modified":"2026-09-10T05:26:44","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T09:26:44","slug":"plants-and-their-ants-when-flora-and-fauna-team-up","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/3quarksdaily\/2026\/09\/plants-and-their-ants-when-flora-and-fauna-team-up.html","title":{"rendered":"Plants and their ants: When flora and fauna team up"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tim Vernimman in\u00a0<em>Knowable Magazine:<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-311155 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"310\" height=\"163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images.jpeg 310w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-300x158.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 310px) 100vw, 310px\" \/>When two species interact to the benefit of both, biologists speak of \u201cmutualisms.\u201d But nice as these relationships may sound, they are rarely perfectly harmonious \u2014 in fact, they can evolve to become unbalanced and exploitative.\u00a0Species can cheat or manipulate each other, or downright endanger each other\u2019s health and survival. To stop that from happening, they\u2019ve evolved a variety of mechanisms to control or even punish each other.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\">Guillaume Chomicki, a biologist at Durham University in the United Kingdom, has been intrigued by mutualisms for years. He specializes in a peculiar group of plants in the genus\u00a0<em>Squamellaria<\/em>, members of which grow high in the canopy of tropical trees.\u00a0These plants develop mutualistic relationships with species of ants, which provide the plant with food, and sometimes help cultivate it, in return for shelter and snacks. Chomicki has found that\u00a0<em>Squamellaria<\/em>\u00a0plants can prevent cooperation from breaking down by isolating their ant \u201cguests\u201d within physical compartments \u2014 and that they are far from the only species doing this.<\/p>\n<p>More <a href=\"https:\/\/knowablemagazine.org\/content\/article\/living-world\/2026\/ants-and-plants-keep-symbiotic-partnerships-in-balance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by <a href=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/support-3qd\">donating now<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tim Vernimman in\u00a0Knowable Magazine: When two species interact to the benefit of both, biologists speak of \u201cmutualisms.\u201d But nice as these relationships may sound, they are rarely perfectly harmonious \u2014 in fact, they can evolve to become unbalanced and exploitative.\u00a0Species can cheat or manipulate each other, or downright endanger each other\u2019s health and survival. To&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5918],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-311154","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-recommended-reading","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311154","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/37"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=311154"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311154\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":311156,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311154\/revisions\/311156"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=311154"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=311154"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=311154"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":311150,"date":"2026-09-10T05:08:34","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T09:08:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/?p=311150"},"modified":"2026-09-10T05:08:34","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T09:08:34","slug":"the-einstein-test-what-happens-when-ai-tries-to-rediscover-relativity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/3quarksdaily\/2026\/09\/the-einstein-test-what-happens-when-ai-tries-to-rediscover-relativity.html","title":{"rendered":"The Einstein test: what happens when AI tries to rediscover relativity?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Philip Ball in\u00a0<em>Nature:<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-311151 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/d41586-026-02804-x_53198904-360x241.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"241\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/d41586-026-02804-x_53198904-360x241.webp 360w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/d41586-026-02804-x_53198904-1024x687.webp 1024w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/d41586-026-02804-x_53198904-768x515.webp 768w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/d41586-026-02804-x_53198904-300x201.webp 300w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/d41586-026-02804-x_53198904.webp 1248w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/>In 1915, Albert Einstein unveiled his\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/collections\/gfcdfjbfia\" data-track=\"click\" data-label=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/collections\/gfcdfjbfia\" data-track-category=\"body text link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">general theory of relativity<\/a>\u00a0and transformed our view of the fabric of the physical world. The theory, which explains gravitation as a deformation of space-time by mass, is a pinnacle of modern physics that underpins cosmology, from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-018-05825-3\" data-track=\"click\" data-label=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-018-05825-3\" data-track-category=\"body text link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">work on black holes<\/a>\u00a0to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature.2016.19361\" data-track=\"click\" data-label=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature.2016.19361\" data-track-category=\"body text link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">measurements of gravitational waves<\/a>, and is used routinely to guide space missions and GPS satellites.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\">It has also become a yardstick for leaders in the field of artificial-intelligence technology, who are asking whether their creations could ever make a breakthrough on that level. At the India AI Summit in New Delhi this February, Demis Hassabis, the co-founder of Google DeepMind in London, proposed training a large language model (LLM) on all that was known before a particular cut-off date \u2014 he suggested the year 1911 \u2014\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=v8hPUYnMxCQ\" data-track=\"click\" data-label=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=v8hPUYnMxCQ\" data-track-category=\"body text link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to see whether it could reproduce general relativity<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>More <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-026-02804-x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by <a href=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/support-3qd\">donating now<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Philip Ball in\u00a0Nature: In 1915, Albert Einstein unveiled his\u00a0general theory of relativity\u00a0and transformed our view of the fabric of the physical world. The theory, which explains gravitation as a deformation of space-time by mass, is a pinnacle of modern physics that underpins cosmology, from\u00a0work on black holes\u00a0to\u00a0measurements of gravitational waves, and is used routinely to&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5918],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-311150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-recommended-reading","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311150","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/37"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=311150"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311150\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":311153,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311150\/revisions\/311153"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=311150"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=311150"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=311150"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":310947,"date":"2026-09-10T05:00:28","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T09:00:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/?p=310947"},"modified":"2026-09-10T05:54:41","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T09:54:41","slug":"a-list-of-things-i-was-hoping-to-do-before-summer-ended-and-now-its-too-late","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/3quarksdaily\/2026\/09\/a-list-of-things-i-was-hoping-to-do-before-summer-ended-and-now-its-too-late.html","title":{"rendered":"A List of Things I Was Hoping To Do Before Summer Ended And Now It\u2019s Too Late"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>by Akim Reinhardt<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-311157\" src=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/first-fall-leaves-turning-v0-hfk12m280gmh1-270x360.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"270\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/first-fall-leaves-turning-v0-hfk12m280gmh1-270x360.png 270w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/first-fall-leaves-turning-v0-hfk12m280gmh1-768x1024.png 768w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/first-fall-leaves-turning-v0-hfk12m280gmh1-225x300.png 225w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/first-fall-leaves-turning-v0-hfk12m280gmh1.png 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 270px) 100vw, 270px\" \/>Finish the book manuscript<\/p>\n<p>Repair that crack in the upstairs hallway wall<\/p>\n<p>Go for a swim<\/p>\n<p>Get an oil change for the car<\/p>\n<p>Take a trip to Hudson, Ohio<\/p>\n<p>Shave down to just a moustache<\/p>\n<p>Identify one constellation other than Orion\u2019s Belt<\/p>\n<p>Paint the ceiling in the spare bedroom<\/p>\n<p>Steamed crabs<\/p>\n<p>Get in shape<\/p>\n<p>See some bluegrass music<\/p>\n<p>Take a nap with the cat<\/p>\n<p>Fix that shower door leak<\/p>\n<p>Return those library books instead of renewing them yet again<\/p>\n<p>Finally donate or throw away some of these ball caps<\/p>\n<p>Dust the ceiling fan blades<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Get this French tube amp up and running<\/p>\n<p>Catch that big screen revival of <em>The Bad News Bears<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Blow glass<\/p>\n<p>Eat a good watermelon, a real one with seeds, not one of those seedless abominations<\/p>\n<p>Learn some Spanish beyond counting to 59 and basic Mexican menu vocabulary<\/p>\n<p>Read the Terms and Conditions<\/p>\n<p>Howl at the moon with wild dogs<\/p>\n<p>Figure out what the fuck blood cancer is and maybe cure it<\/p>\n<p>Find an inner peace that radiates out into the world like heat from an overworked appliance<\/p>\n<p>Witness the end of Trumpism and revel in the righteous justice that must surely follow<\/p>\n<p>Beat the world\u2019s best AI at chess by playing so poorly (the only way I know how to play) that I completely confound the dastardly machine<\/p>\n<p>Figure out what to do with bean thread noodles<\/p>\n<p>Set out to free the princess from her tower, then change my mind, turnaround, and wonder why I ever wanted to<\/p>\n<p>Discover the true meaning of forgiveness after drinking the blood of my enemies<\/p>\n<p>Squeeze something that\u2019s good for squeezing.<\/p>\n<p>Elevate the discourse<\/p>\n<p>Put on enough weight to play a convincing Santa Claus this year<\/p>\n<p>Write the world\u2019s longest English-language sentence, although not one that prattles on endlessly like a grasping suitor, but rather a good, strong, clear, coherent sentence about the history of saltine crackers from their most primaeval incarnations (would that be Medieval times?) down the present moment, which is dominated by debased, corporate crackers, and which just happens to be longer than any other recorded sentence ever written in English; and this next part is very important and non-negotiable: the sentence should not include independent clauses separated by semicolons, because that\u2019s cheating; I remember reading a very, very long sentence by John Locke in <em>Two Treatises on Government,<\/em> I think it was over a hundred and sixty words long; I quite liked the sentence, actually, it had a lovably rambling quality to it, but it also had several semicolons separating a string of independent clauses, many of which should have simply constituted their own period-bound sentences, so to my mind, it just doesn\u2019t count; maybe just one semicolon at the most would be okay. Maybe.<\/p>\n<p>Cry<\/p>\n<p><em>Akim Reinhardt&#8217;s website is <a href=\"https:\/\/ThePublicProfessor.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ThePublicProfessor.com<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>by Akim Reinhardt Finish the book manuscript Repair that crack in the upstairs hallway wall Go for a swim Get an oil change for the car Take a trip to Hudson, Ohio Shave down to just a moustache Identify one constellation other than Orion\u2019s Belt Paint the ceiling in the spare bedroom Steamed crabs Get&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":54,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3260],"tags":[7265,201,7266,4632,7264,7263,7267],"class_list":["post-310947","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mondaymagazine","tag-7265","tag-akim-reinhardt","tag-bean-thread-noodles","tag-john-locke","tag-orions-belt","tag-the-bad-news-bears","tag-two-treatises-on-government","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/310947","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/54"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=310947"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/310947\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":311158,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/310947\/revisions\/311158"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=310947"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=310947"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=310947"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":311023,"date":"2026-09-10T04:00:36","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T08:00:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/?p=311023"},"modified":"2026-09-07T02:09:24","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T06:09:24","slug":"this-weeks-photograph-97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/3quarksdaily\/2026\/09\/this-weeks-photograph-97.html","title":{"rendered":"This Week&#8217;s Photograph"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/543-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-311024\" src=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/543-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/543-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/543-360x240.jpg 360w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/543-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/543-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/543-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/543-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/543-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Shaft of sunlight over the mountains west of Brixen, South Tyrol.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by <a href=\"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/support-3qd\">donating now<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Shaft of sunlight over the mountains west of Brixen, South Tyrol. Enjoying the content on 3QD? Help keep us going by donating now.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":834,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3260],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-311023","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mondaymagazine","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311023","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/834"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=311023"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311023\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":311025,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311023\/revisions\/311025"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=311023"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=311023"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3quarksdaily.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=311023"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}]